tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-55761976808726323612024-03-06T15:16:39.360+08:00MOVIAHOLIC"-aholic",是對某些事有癖好的人,Moviaholic就是一群對電影有癖好的人。他們不願解毒,只好無間斷解讀電影。Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02793599947689373391noreply@blogger.comBlogger22125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-25811936715238914012014-04-11T02:21:00.001+08:002014-04-11T02:21:36.787+08:00那夜凌晨,我坐上了旺角開往大埔的紅Van / 2014 / The midnight after / 香港 / 導演:陳果Fruit Chan<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 文化,是值得炫耀的,值得為它拍電影。陳果的新作《那夜凌晨,我坐上了旺角開往大埔的紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Van</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,就是要拍出正逐漸消失的香港文化。陳果的作品一向以複雜的象徵和隱密的政治意識形態見稱,此片也不例外,象徵結構有一定程度的複雜。因為沒有看過原著,所以筆者只針對電影文本進行分析。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg24LxV-mXHWnffA_onLnZQABctDfP2iPPhd2QMrjUiAsEC2BYbhGoih_HMR0V4OT18pPXPwcakhyphenhyphen3akcYhA33Ci1J5TBTlxMdwbNLqayDD5YNfOCVZ8NKEvXZ6drUZ4EWsLSJvgfuqIrE/s1600/Final-Poster_The-Midnight-After.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg24LxV-mXHWnffA_onLnZQABctDfP2iPPhd2QMrjUiAsEC2BYbhGoih_HMR0V4OT18pPXPwcakhyphenhyphen3akcYhA33Ci1J5TBTlxMdwbNLqayDD5YNfOCVZ8NKEvXZ6drUZ4EWsLSJvgfuqIrE/s1600/Final-Poster_The-Midnight-After.jpg" height="320" width="227" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">97</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">過後香港對中國的態度一向見步行步,中產階級的思維和香港人現實的態度,使香港人普遍有一種矛盾心態──明知生活質素愈來愈差但每天過得尚可仍然選擇不改變。但近年隨著大大小小的社會事件,如天星碼頭、國民教育等,人們對中國的恐懼又重現。影片的主色調為紅色,象徵香港的紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">VAN</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是紅色,片尾的紅雨和紅旗,正告訴觀眾香港正迅速被「赤化」的事實。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片故事相對簡單,一群人從旺角搭小巴到大埔,怎知發覺原來世界上所有人都消失了,眾人想盡辦法逃出困境,最終無計可施,只好離開大埔回九龍。雖然影片長</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">124</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">分鐘,但故事的結構可以簡單看成:「從九龍區到新界區,再從新界區回到九龍區」。九龍區象徵城市發展,新界區象徵香港情懷,兩者互相對立,《紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">VAN</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》是一趟懷愐的旅程,是導演對香港情懷送上最後告別的作品。此片讓我想起陳冠中的《香港三部曲》,同樣也以茶餐廳作主要場景,但相對《香港三部曲》的現實主義,《紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">VAN</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》卻是徹徹底底的荒謬主義,故事不合邏輯,但這正是香港現今的大環境──荒謬。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">上的乘客正代表了社會不同的年齡階層,包括</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">60</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">任達華、林雪、惠英雄</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">70</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一對夫婦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(SHINE</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">YUKI</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">LV</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">女、李璨琛、毒撚</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">兩名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">MK</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">仔和四名大學生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。影片開始,紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">VAN</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">由林雪駕駛、任達華坐車尾,一前一後包圍了中間的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">70-90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後,象徵了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">60</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後在香港的重要性。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">50-60</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的一群是香港現在的領導階層,他們年輕的時候香港正迅速發展,較容易爬上社會各個範疇的重要崗位,因此他們是香港繁榮的象徵。沒錯,儘管影片裡的任達華、林雪都屬於低下階層,惠英紅可能比他們好一點,但影片裡任達華和林雪卻有明顯的領導力量,在多個場景裡有話事權。惠英紅雖然叫人買保險,非常現實和無情,但她的信仰暴露了對生活的失望,只祈盼到遠處的外天空;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">70</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的夫婦像中產階級,雖然結婚了看似生活穩定,但未能擺脫供樓的煩惱;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後有知識有力量,但徐天佑為了錢甚麼都做,黃又南又經常猶豫不決。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後則最嚴重,道德淪亡,認為世界一切都沒意義,想怎樣就怎樣。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib3pdzkuqjf2hGDiOYDQfR2Uessa1Gx3PC1RlAYJM8fgZdRF8lBPByYvFtn24EntDqcQEKntV2pXqfubtf6yCjKGMb7BcVgwhryEwxZ2ty76jEzi3Cw7vxIvHCiR6u6tesbTNS9WY4MKU/s1600/DD1C074501133.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib3pdzkuqjf2hGDiOYDQfR2Uessa1Gx3PC1RlAYJM8fgZdRF8lBPByYvFtn24EntDqcQEKntV2pXqfubtf6yCjKGMb7BcVgwhryEwxZ2ty76jEzi3Cw7vxIvHCiR6u6tesbTNS9WY4MKU/s1600/DD1C074501133.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">所以,我們可以看到在影片裡有很多「香港幾代人」的論述。例如,影片以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的荒謬模式呈現故事,當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的青少年強姦了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">LV</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">女,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">60-80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後決定行刑,可想而知,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">60-80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後對</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的荒謬多麼失望,而該段故事更表現了幾代人對道德的不同看法。任達華一直對不起兩個親生女兒,他刺殺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後其實也是在懲罰自己。此外,我們也可以留意各人的死亡次序:首先死亡的是四名大學生,暗示了現今香港大學生的出路灰暗,大學愈來愈多,競爭力銳減,再加上</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後(黃又南)只顧自己的性格,香港的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後大學生成了首先陣亡的一批。接著,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的毒撚死亡,毒撚在影片裡象徵了邊綠的文化,他懂得</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">David Bowie</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Space oddity</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,最後卻在廚房拿早餐時被燒死。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">70</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的丈夫死去,和他的懦弱有關,中產階級面對顛覆性的困難應變能力差,難以生存;最後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後被</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">60-80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後審判,影片的末世感正式到來。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片也反映了現今香港的「抽水文化」。近年香港電影多了抽水的橋段,網絡上也不時出現抽水現象,在《紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Van</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》裡,陳果把抽水當成社會現象,反其道而行,在影片裡不停抽水,反映了香港人的「抽水」在「末世」裡面有舒緩心情的作用,平衡了影片的藝術和商業元素,值得一讚。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">至外,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Yuki</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的角色比較特別,個人覺得她象徵了香港核心價值,像一個鬼魅一樣,神出鬼沒,吸引住黃又南、負責取刀、平時不作聲一出聲便不留情、唯一一人在刺殺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後時刺兩刀、在結尾只有她說不想離開大埔。對陳果來說,香港的核心價值似乎並不明確,只不過是隨著社會走勢而行,沒有明確的「核心」。當中取刀一幕尤其有趣:兩次拿刀,有大型的、中型的、小型的、兩次拿刀都是先拿中型刀,但刀卡在砧板內,拔不出,才選擇大型刀和小型刀。這段其實表現了香港普遍的極端情緒。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的鏡頭也值得一說,比較明顯的是,影片用斜鏡頭呈現未世氣氛,製造失恆的空間,也用圓型構圖困住人物在中心,走不出來。更有趣的是,陳果多次要眾演員排成一直列,形成線條,從前景伸到後景的構圖透視點,眾人望著一個方向,模擬了小巴車廂的環境。前景的人象徵司機,後景的所有人都是乘客。這種鏡頭強調了香港人想有一個龍頭,想有人帶領他們,但這種期望往往都失望而回。影片的開頭由</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">60</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的林雪駕駛,到結尾換成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後的黃又南,明顯就是導演把希望交給了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">80</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">David Bowie</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Space oddity</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》多次出現在近年不同的電影裡,如貝托魯奇的《密室中的你和我》、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ben Stiller</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《發夢王大歷險》,想不到陳果在《紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Van</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》裡的運用非常有新意。除了音樂的出場很</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Cult</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">之外,這首歌的歌詞是從大帽山的山頂傳來的。眾所周知,大帽山是全香港最高的地方,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Space oddity</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》除了暗示香港人想「飛起」,暗示香港的迷失狀態,同時也暗示導演希望香港人重新腳踏實地、實事求事解決問題的願望,這就是為甚麼影片結尾他們沒有上大帽山。日本人戰後同樣發展得很快,但至從失落的十年後,貧富懸殊非常嚴重,出現了很多怪現象,如御宅族、啃老族等。以前也有不少人提及過香港正在步日本後塵的事實,日本的福島核電厰爆炸對日本是致命打擊,大爆炸後更面臨幅射問題。導演以「核爆」象徵香港所面對的問題的嚴重性,暗示了香港面臨的災難具有持續性,不是短時間能夠解決,但香港的「核爆」象徵甚麼?是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2017</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的普選嗎?這是值得大家探討的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片沒有結尾,其實理所當然,因為香港根本看不到未來,所以影片不會有結局,眾人回到九龍區,其實也是唯一的選擇。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">另外值得鼓勵的是,《紅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">VAN</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》相對陳果以往的作品有一定風格上的轉變,但不失為好的嘗試,現在的電影就是缺少新的語言,陳果能夠用自己的語言說故事,能突破自己,絕對是值得鼓勵。</span> </div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-81636463648493050762014-04-01T10:57:00.000+08:002014-04-01T10:57:04.683+08:00The dance of reality現實舞吧/ 2013 / 智利 /法國 / 導演:亞曆桑德羅佐杜洛夫斯基Alejandro Jodorowsky<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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</xml><![endif]--><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhopH8l3Z1UdthHLyzRNEbY42bmAlPJUXtrX1TGwq79EXpHhCoMHaZYwdF31bULEfHB-Hbe0IwZYwMMlSgnR7FGm_y1XrFrOeiBKSsMFBNeujmb32fi-4gZnaKQWU-Weuw0kLD-qcxZW9E/s1600/The_Dance_of_Reality-257200794-large.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhopH8l3Z1UdthHLyzRNEbY42bmAlPJUXtrX1TGwq79EXpHhCoMHaZYwdF31bULEfHB-Hbe0IwZYwMMlSgnR7FGm_y1XrFrOeiBKSsMFBNeujmb32fi-4gZnaKQWU-Weuw0kLD-qcxZW9E/s1600/The_Dance_of_Reality-257200794-large.jpg" height="320" width="235" /></a> 傳奇導演<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">潛伏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">23</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年後的新作</span><span lang="ZH-HK" style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">現實舞吧</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,再一次展現他獨特的超現實構思。這位導演有多傳奇?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">1970</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">El topo</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》成為第一套午夜場影片,也是搖滾巨星</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">John Lennon</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">最愛的電影;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">1973</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Holy mountain</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Cult</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">片經典。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2013</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的</span><span lang="ZH-HK" style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">現實舞吧》,導演功力不減,雖與</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Holy mountain</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》相比還是遜色一點,但還是証明了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的確是電影史上難得的天才。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《現實舞吧》的</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">故事簡單,在智利的小鎮</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Tocopilla</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,猶太裔的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一家開了間小商店。父親</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jamie</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一位相當嚴厲的父親,刻意要表現自己堅強的一面;母親</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Sara</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一位從俄羅斯到智利的女歌唱家。為了使孩子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">堅強,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jamie</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">要他學習抵抗痛楚,例如拔牙時不用麻醉藥。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jamie</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">原本信奉史太林主義,因刺殺獨裁總統失敗,輾轉投進了各種意識形態:獨裁主義、基督教、美國自由主義、中國共產主義、納粹主義,但最後還是無法証明自己的勇敢,只好拖著殘驅回家,並與家人一起離開</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Tocopilla</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">嚴格來說,這是一套非常私人的電影,是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">渴望重演兒時生活的影片,當中飾演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jamie</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的兒子</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Brontis Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,影片中有幾個制作人員的姓氏也是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。經歷過</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">23</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的失意,導演開始看開人生,影片相對以前溫和了不少。經歷過《凡多與麗絲》對真愛的諷刺、《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Holy mountain</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》的反宗教,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">El topo</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》對正義的討論,在《</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">現實舞吧》,導演回望過去,想尋回自己的根,也因此《現實舞吧》不再反宗斆,甚至在某程度上接受自己身為猶太人的身份。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwekxuOv48d0IH6hJiYNUd74p72AC3ocGFvvdFDlT7bC6RJPGBGERuOsjnyJ1KbdOrq61hlFAZ92f_Z87xhxFMSqeHQLLEsXhzYecfsHcDytCcMWTrU2JNTpm5GgaSnYv_zihRG5C0Jyo/s1600/the-dance-of-reality-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwekxuOv48d0IH6hJiYNUd74p72AC3ocGFvvdFDlT7bC6RJPGBGERuOsjnyJ1KbdOrq61hlFAZ92f_Z87xhxFMSqeHQLLEsXhzYecfsHcDytCcMWTrU2JNTpm5GgaSnYv_zihRG5C0Jyo/s1600/the-dance-of-reality-2.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">無可否認,此片描述並不是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro
Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">真正的兒時生活,例如母親</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Sara</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在現實裡其實很討厭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,她稱他的誔生是因為父親強姦了她。可是,在影片裡,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Sara</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">卻是一個非常有母愛、非常支持丈夫的女人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Sara</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的巨大胸脯,暗示了她作為母親的稱職。也許是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">小時候得不到母愛,他希望在影片裡得到補償。其實,早在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">1989</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的《聖血》,導演已經處理過「母親」這個題材。在《聖血》裡,主角幻想了一個假的母親,並在幻象裡生活,後來才知道原來母親在很久以前已經死去。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYrNoXYEeS43mB_U0kE-fCrMEPafh29dKzWltUPbKWg1VRE5PrwvzOsmal8GO9HDeL07OdCM_t_Hm6j3bqImmlknQMZTei6dD9bY8IgufgZ0w6jzY7MczllrlyMXES4vP30vixcB9q1Fg/s1600/new-Jodorowsky-trailer.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYrNoXYEeS43mB_U0kE-fCrMEPafh29dKzWltUPbKWg1VRE5PrwvzOsmal8GO9HDeL07OdCM_t_Hm6j3bqImmlknQMZTei6dD9bY8IgufgZ0w6jzY7MczllrlyMXES4vP30vixcB9q1Fg/s1600/new-Jodorowsky-trailer.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從影片裡,我們可以看到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對父親的尊敬,而事實上他的人生也像他的父親般尋尋覓覓。在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的電影裡,有兩個常見的主題:「追尋」和「救贖」,貫穿了他的所有作品。作為猶太人,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一家從來沒有融入當地社會,一直被視為異鄉人,這就是為甚麼在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的影片裡充滿畸型人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的一生是矛盾的,他對宗教有懷疑,也研究神祕學和哲學;他是符號學的專家,尤以《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Holy mountain</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》最為明顯。即使在《現實舞吧》,我們也可以看到這些符號,如一開頭有位老人叫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不要把石子扔進海裡,否則會引發海嘯,殺死魚兒。那位老人的名字是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Queen of cups(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他的手上拿著聖杯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Queen of cups</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是其中一張塔羅牌。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFT7L-3jLLZajSEGb5HQyGYINJyVHF1krK1YFXvugGwx46JPArBdIDvBbQ2ChUsqDqhZ_gw2s7ykj36vOOJF6Kx_PAFu5CkmdgN5U_MmLXHsof5JSPg6totNqdzgoN6bix5d6YWgPcwlU/s1600/%25E2%2580%259CLa+Danza+de+la+Realidad%25E2%2580%259D+.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFT7L-3jLLZajSEGb5HQyGYINJyVHF1krK1YFXvugGwx46JPArBdIDvBbQ2ChUsqDqhZ_gw2s7ykj36vOOJF6Kx_PAFu5CkmdgN5U_MmLXHsof5JSPg6totNqdzgoN6bix5d6YWgPcwlU/s1600/%25E2%2580%259CLa+Danza+de+la+Realidad%25E2%2580%259D+.jpg" height="203" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的象徵符號非常之多,結構看似零碎其實環環相扣,如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的長髮其實象徵耶穌,被父親剪掉長髮就是父親想洗去他猶太身份的象徵,但有趣的是,在一次共產主義的會議,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Jamie</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">說了句「哈利路亞」,故事後段他的頭髮也長了,變成耶穌的模樣;我們又看到在共產主義會議上,有一位的髮型和眼鏡根本就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">John Lennon</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">風格,後段</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">John Lennon</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">刺殺獨裁總統失敗,影射了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">John Lennon</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被狂人刺殺事件;在影片人們總愛帶著面具,象徵群眾被某種意識形態洗腦;各國文化遍佈整個</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Tocopilla</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,甚至出現日本浮世繪、美國越戰傷兵,暗示了導演對智識的渴望和迷茫的心態。導演也用滑稽的手法表現各種主義的荒謬,如納粹的坦克是在貨車上塗油漆偽裝而成的,貨車上更放著一輛福特汽車;基督教對神的感恩極為瘋狂,雖然大家相親相愛,但卻有點不自然,像被洗腦了。因此,我們可以說,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的人生充滿自我懷疑。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">最後,我們談一談影片的開頭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對錢的藐視。那一段其實與整套電影的關係不算太大,但反映了導演個人對資本主義的看法。他極度討厭美帝國主義和新殖民主義。他在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">1990</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">The rainbow thief</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》就是因為受到製片商制肘而失敗,更不用提他的《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Dune</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》被導演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">David Lynch</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">攪到亂七八糟。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">The rainbow thief</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》後,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky 23</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年沒有拍電影。他曾經像一名小丑,用荒誕的手法對抗資本主義,但失敗了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">(Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">兒時曾當過職業小丑</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,但</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2013</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《現實舞吧》,証明了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Alejandro Jodorowsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對藝術的熱愛和生命的熱誠,實在值得影迷為他致敬。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Lorraine</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNzeoGLwGNO5Ajc40kRTH8vpFDozhxa65xXg9o5SlN3G6K8iuCyClpQ_6HkJ3agEkihQnEjNgLJHYHSxD5nvS7LIvU0KCxsAmJth0IDNJDwraZsusvCVpN0qRwsYHBy-dP7Zbfjyd6tU4/s1600/shia-labeouf-nymphomaniac-movie-poster-revealed-03.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiNzeoGLwGNO5Ajc40kRTH8vpFDozhxa65xXg9o5SlN3G6K8iuCyClpQ_6HkJ3agEkihQnEjNgLJHYHSxD5nvS7LIvU0KCxsAmJth0IDNJDwraZsusvCVpN0qRwsYHBy-dP7Zbfjyd6tU4/s1600/shia-labeouf-nymphomaniac-movie-poster-revealed-03.jpg" height="320" width="216" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">寫在前題,這套戲內容過於豐富,足以寫一篇真正的論文,本人在此也只好長話短說。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">導演</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是大師嗎?這個問題足以讓很多理論家頭痛。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的名字臭名遠播,在《</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Nymphomaniac</span><span lang="ZH-HK" style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">裡,他刻意要摧毀人類史所有道德</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他曾經公開支持納粹</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,從而激發出「性─道德─美」之間的激烈爭辯。認識</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的朋友,對他的「性本惡」論應該非常熟悉,如著名作品《天黑黑》和《人間狗鎮》。印象中,筆者沒有接觸過有哪套電影嘗試把整個人類文化史解讀為性壓抑,並強調抑制性壓抑就是對人性的藐視,這就是《性上癮》的核心主題。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">先在這裡簡介故事內容:</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是性上癮者,步入中年的她重傷躺在後巷,一名猶太老人</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">救了她,而她在一個晚上告訴</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">她的人生。透過一晚的聊天,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的心結慢慢解開,安然入睡,但厄運仍然沒有離開她。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我們先對幾個大主題進行討論,深入淺出地討論《性上癮》。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一‧數理</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">根據影片的描述,數理遍佈在整個世界,是理性的象徵。以數理看世界,某程度上就是認同了一個前題:命定論。影片中</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的角色象徵理性,而</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的角色象徵感性。《</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Nymphomaniac</span><span lang="ZH-HK" style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的故事,就是理性和感性對「性」的討論。這套電影出現的數理主要有:費氏數列、黃金比例、音樂和弦、圖形角度等。性上癮,可以解讀為感性無法壓制,前段</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">用擲骰子的手法決定如何對待男人,可以視為感性對理性的反抗</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">想想愛因斯坦所說:「上帝不會擲骰子。」</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。在</span><span style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"> <span lang="EN">Joe</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的人生中出現了很多叫人無法理解的巧合,這就是為甚麼起初</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的故事產生懷疑。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik1dchbi9vVnuuV3Vtje-kFWt7BaWVtSCaxY50PfHK3kYs4gIM1dWl42viIj7SqKlzMFgj-vraW0WwN4g1pd-minmCmLmo-7aOoOTQhUDwzSjUvR6XK9y_jYVhC8ZrbE0cYDZdJlmaNZQ/s1600/chapter_2_photo_by_Christian_Geisnaes.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEik1dchbi9vVnuuV3Vtje-kFWt7BaWVtSCaxY50PfHK3kYs4gIM1dWl42viIj7SqKlzMFgj-vraW0WwN4g1pd-minmCmLmo-7aOoOTQhUDwzSjUvR6XK9y_jYVhC8ZrbE0cYDZdJlmaNZQ/s1600/chapter_2_photo_by_Christian_Geisnaes.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不過這只是故事的開端,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">還沒有放下彼此的屏障,直到她以巴哈的音樂分析自己對愛和性的看法,理性和感性才漸漸融合,而</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的故事也再不以理性反駁。在這裡,有一個問題值得思考,就是討論理性和感性並不會解決道德問題。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不會考慮道德,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">更說自己最有資格為</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的故事作評價,因為他是純潔的,沒有經歷過性愛,可以超脫一般人對性的看法</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">當然,這其實是個假命題</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在這裡先提出道德從何來的問題。去到《</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Nymphomaniac</span><span lang="ZH-HK" style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的後半部,我們得知</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的人生欴所以悲慘,就是因為社會並不接受性上癮者,她是「被邊綠」在社會之外。因此,我們可以得出論點:</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「道德是社會的附屬物,與個人無關。」考慮道德問題,就是壓抑人性。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">二‧性</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">生命樹是電影中經常提到的象徵,也是</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的象徵。她的人生就是要像她父親一樣尋找生命樹,象徵了她的人生就是要尋找自己。影片裡對生命樹的描寫是這樣的:「在冬天的時候,生命樹落葉了,露出枝椏和黑色花蕾,其他樹笑說她黑色的花蕾很醜。」黑色花蕾,呼之欲出的象徵──女性下體。各位,還記得影片的開場嗎?黑色的畫面有火車的畫外音,畫面漸亮,天空下著雨,雨水流到潮濕的後巷,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">受了傷躺在地上。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這是一個性暗示──火車、後巷、下雨、潮濕。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影的開始是性,人的生命根源也是性,所有事情的源頭的是性。其實,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的母親在影片裡只出現過兩次</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一次正面,一次後面</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,應是引用了佛洛依德的陽具妒羨理論──女性因為沒有陽具,會與母親爭奪父親的寵愛。性是給予人生命力的原動力,在影片裡可以獲得多方面的証實:一,當</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的父親死去時,她胡亂與別的男人做愛,以性抵抗死亡。她父親死時,她沒有哭,反而下體流著愛液。二‧故事中段,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">縱慾過度導致陰蒂失去感覺,也是她人生悲劇的真正開始。這就是叔本華所謂的生存意志──所有人都希望活著,並為不想死而努力。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaf3aNUoG5fpWuTtUf-jMboqipa-a2U31DDeIaNbUuO541nGz1ZIysQsL2StetGlNz1yXs3uYSFFY93OO61Coj0MfpvXbyKsJoTNQtC1AOBq-lrkClTu1MktaNLvUgmR4IgrhHdk5v_CQ/s1600/nymphomanic-hq.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaf3aNUoG5fpWuTtUf-jMboqipa-a2U31DDeIaNbUuO541nGz1ZIysQsL2StetGlNz1yXs3uYSFFY93OO61Coj0MfpvXbyKsJoTNQtC1AOBq-lrkClTu1MktaNLvUgmR4IgrhHdk5v_CQ/s1600/nymphomanic-hq.jpg" height="189" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他父親的死亡是在</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 4</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,整個</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 4</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">都是黑白的:死亡是孤單的,因為孤單,所以急於與人建立關係,這包括性關係。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是無神論者,也是激進的個人主義者,所以不要期望他會對上帝好態度,有信仰的朋友看畢此片也準備被他激怒吧。一開始,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">猶太人的背景已經表達了</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對他們虛偽態度的不屑;接著,又以小時候的</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">透過自慰夢見麥瑟連娜和巴比倫的大淫婦的故事,鄙視聖靈召喚</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">透過性看見上帝是不少邪教的理論</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">;最誇張的是,在</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 5</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">以巴哈的聖咏曲結構為喻,以三段性愛譜寫一曲聖咏,可謂視上帝如無物。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的理論是從宗教歷史出發的,探討「宗教─性─暴力」的關係。最明顯討論宗教問題的應該是</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 6</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,題目為「東方教會和西方教會」,副題「</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Silent Duck(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">把手扮成鴨頭狀,塞進肛門</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」。教會的歷史充滿殘忍也是老生常談了,中世紀教皇和皇帝互爭權力、十字軍東征等,在中學的課本也提及過。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 6</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">主要講的就是</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">SM</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">──性虐狂,而當中的性虐器具,有些更來源於羅馬歷史。在</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的眼中,性與暴力是一回事。在</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 8</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">中,因身體的異常,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不能從性愛中得到歡喻,她嘗試過尋找專門小組解決性上癮的問題,可惜失敗收場。最後,他成為黑社會的收數專家,擅長用性虐待和性羞辱的手法達成任務。無可置疑,暴力代替了性。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">如同上述所說,性是生命的根源,而性與暴力等同。我們以亞利士多德的三段式推論</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(A=B</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">B=C</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,所以</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">A=C)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,可以得出驚人的答案:生命的根源是暴力。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 8</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,即影片最尾的一章是非常有趣的,它給你希望,又一腳把你踢進深淵。影片後段的故事講述</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">以欺騙的手法找到她的接班人,有一次,他們的任務就是要向</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的離婚丈夫收數,但她的接班人卻和他搭上了。她的接班人,其實象徵了她的重生,但重生過後想不到結尾仍是一樣。當年的「</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">3</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">下陰道</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">+5</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">下肛門」</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">(3+5</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是費氏數列</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的破處過程重現,我們又回到了宿命論了,世界並沒有自由。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">目睹他們在後巷的垃圾桶上做愛,也被舊愛打得一倒不起,還有甚麼希望可言?雖然故事的尾段</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">找到自己的生命樹,但怎樣看它都像是勃起了的陽具。是的,畫面很美,但別被</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">騙倒。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVUG74Wv5-yN7TxYNLEES0JbFc6-eK6uUOHo9sYOpvRYlzNYSRAe4S93kxgQbt3t0C0Gm0HGz5f9ID5qvqbP0aLqkTrmKBAsVgTAcFTqBK821YMKl-qVZ72TJKLQXTv0QJ5wAdMcYy7Pg/s1600/seligman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVUG74Wv5-yN7TxYNLEES0JbFc6-eK6uUOHo9sYOpvRYlzNYSRAe4S93kxgQbt3t0C0Gm0HGz5f9ID5qvqbP0aLqkTrmKBAsVgTAcFTqBK821YMKl-qVZ72TJKLQXTv0QJ5wAdMcYy7Pg/s1600/seligman.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">去到這裡,影片給予</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">最後一個希望──</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Seligman</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。在</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Chapter 8</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,他建議</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從另一個方向去思考,或許會看到新的出路。這時候,鏡頭出現了一個垂直的女性下體,鏡頭向右轉九十度,然後漸變成一隻眼睛:陰道不再是被進入,這一次</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Joe</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">要從陰道走出去。窗外,清晨的陽光反射到對面的牆上形成一個小小的長方型,這就是陰道在發光的構圖。有見及此,理性和感情的辯論到此為止,她作了一個決定:成為無性慾者,就像佛家一樣看開生命。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">但倘若性是超越理性和感性的存在,這樣做有用嗎?</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在結局給了答案,也道出了人類真正得到自由的方法是甚麼。在此我就不說結局了,請讀者自行到影院看吧,其實結局導演一早便有鋪排,只是觀眾被影片的幽默感騙倒了。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的解讀空間非常廣,因為訊息量太多,筆者也沒怎樣留意鏡頭,但當中的藝術作品都值得大家取來一看,每章開頭的藝術設計也值得分析,各位也可以用女性主義解讀這齣電影。影片算是</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Open ending</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,也是</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">問觀眾的一個問題:在最後的結局,你覺得你也會這樣做嗎?</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Lars von Trier</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">式的自由,可不是人人受得了。</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;"></span></div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-12356890377957453092014-03-29T10:28:00.000+08:002014-04-11T02:26:53.774+08:00Heli 忽然地獄 / 2013 / 墨西哥 / 導演:阿馬特埃斯上蘭蒂Amat Excalante<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhZL8DKrDrDJ7jBb7kGIMz-uoCuup7A1T9nySIq5Tn9IwOCvVrj1eytzlyMAuHTyIkV6J-NlEOHCnDgJNdRusFJHj7Yln7JuFbMQefqLX-bAp2FTzVnYe9vG1pIqqe6OEpEz2IAs646uw/s1600/heli11.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhZL8DKrDrDJ7jBb7kGIMz-uoCuup7A1T9nySIq5Tn9IwOCvVrj1eytzlyMAuHTyIkV6J-NlEOHCnDgJNdRusFJHj7Yln7JuFbMQefqLX-bAp2FTzVnYe9vG1pIqqe6OEpEz2IAs646uw/s1600/heli11.jpg" height="320" width="233" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">印象中的墨西哥電影,通常離不開毒品。墨西哥是美國海洛因和大麻的來源地,近二十年的的毒品戰爭,使墨西哥政府岌岌可危:毒販公然向政府挑戰,政府軍隊滲透內鬼,政府官員與毒販互相勾結,與毒品相關的暴力死亡事件多不勝數。墨西哥導演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amat Excalante</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》就在這背景下展開,描繪年青人黯淡的將來。</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年青的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">有漂亮的妻子,育有一兒,和父親同居。他在一個汽車工厰裡工作,生活沒有太大問題。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的妹妹</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">情竇初開,愛上了年青軍人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beto</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beto</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">為了和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">私奔,在政府的銷毀海洛英的行動中偷了幾包海洛英,藏了在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">家中天台的儲水器裡。很不幸的,事情被黑幫知悉,軍警衝進</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的住所,殺了父親,並把</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beto</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">交給了黑幫。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beto</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在黑幫的折磨下死去,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被送到不知甚麼地方強姦,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">滿身傷痕地回到家裡,性情變得暴燥。直到有一天,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">神情呆滯的回到家,精神受到嚴重創傷。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">知道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">懷孕了,憤怒無法抑止,決定拿起木棍報仇。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">墨西哥的暴力問題非常嚴重,並已滲透每家每戶,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">也不能幸免。廣闊的空間,長長的馬路,為影片道出了成長和探索的主題。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">作為一名汽車工業的員工,是一名腳踏實地、靠自己勞力生活的男人。在馬路上,你可以駕汽車、踏單車或步行。汽車在此片裡與急促、暴力的成長有關,單車則暗示緩慢的成長,而步行就象徵困難的成長。透過這三種成長方式,我們愈見</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的人生正緩緩步入暴力的邊緣,如軍警用車把他們送給黑幫、饒幸生存的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">拖著腳步回到家,到最後他踏上單車步上他的復仇之路,有層次地描寫社會的暴力如何在年青人的意識裡扎根。一名汽車工業的員工,是國家的經濟支柱,但年輕人的努力卻間接地建構了暴力的環境,老老實實的人終歸輸給暴力的蹂躪。</span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizNd7Tmpuj1cUug2_iCGi9H05s46nV5Q8cySkv2ruu7n0oQ-aaZaDqZVHUFwqcvM8LAvcTNz7WM7tSiERnsZI9WENL_vmLYqGYfiUb2KFdmyZfSZQp1r_ihiysgjU3xzm6VULHVOx87Vs/s1600/iGRNTKRObmOSV8tnMrykGfAQGYc.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizNd7Tmpuj1cUug2_iCGi9H05s46nV5Q8cySkv2ruu7n0oQ-aaZaDqZVHUFwqcvM8LAvcTNz7WM7tSiERnsZI9WENL_vmLYqGYfiUb2KFdmyZfSZQp1r_ihiysgjU3xzm6VULHVOx87Vs/s1600/iGRNTKRObmOSV8tnMrykGfAQGYc.jpg" height="179" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的定鏡頭頗多,音樂相對較少,導演以冷酷的鏡頭凝視社會的暴力。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beto</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被黑幫折磨一幕是影片最激烈的一段,他們被吊起來虐打,背景的小孩子在玩</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Wii</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,遊戲畫面有一名角鬥士。當黑幫要求這些小孩幫手虐打主角,小孩的打擊節奏如遊戲螢幕裡的角鬥士身體搖擺的節奏一樣,道出了兒童對暴力問題已見慣不慣,也道出暴力就是他們的生存方式。此片構圖上多透過光的亮度表示希望和絕望,有時溫暖,有時暗淡無光。影片最具爭議的應該是無修飾的虐待場面:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Beto</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被吊起來,下體淋上油並點火,鏡頭直接對著施刑場面,觀眾見到都痛。影片裡有不少美國的象徵,如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Coca-cola</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,米老鼠片集,暗示了人們對美國的渴望。</span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH4-uULkD0jnu8NjBo1Q3McwW5Hr9ml3BdTd_P67nC9Dmoe-b3bdiXN5VFxdclpMhpxh9rJK6XqtkE3J_6SsxQravuXG0zx_JAu6KPDXVtzEt9DCOTPJcwII0BpAq6gFM1LzAYXSx_BPM/s1600/%E6%AF%92%E7%B2%89%E9%A2%A8%E6%9A%B4_%E7%8D%B2%E9%81%B8%E5%8F%83%E5%8A%A0%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%A4%96%E8%AA%9E%E7%89%87%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH4-uULkD0jnu8NjBo1Q3McwW5Hr9ml3BdTd_P67nC9Dmoe-b3bdiXN5VFxdclpMhpxh9rJK6XqtkE3J_6SsxQravuXG0zx_JAu6KPDXVtzEt9DCOTPJcwII0BpAq6gFM1LzAYXSx_BPM/s1600/%E6%AF%92%E7%B2%89%E9%A2%A8%E6%9A%B4_%E7%8D%B2%E9%81%B8%E5%8F%83%E5%8A%A0%E5%A5%A7%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%9C%80%E4%BD%B3%E5%A4%96%E8%AA%9E%E7%89%87%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》的結局最為出彩:透過三個擁抱的剪接表現年青人的將來:一‧</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">殺死強姦他妹妹的人後,脆下,像求道者的姿態,構圖上像擁抱著強姦犯;二,鏡頭跳去</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">與妻子做愛,兩個構圖姿勢相似,我們可以看到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">擁抱著暴力,並以性愛的形式發泄暴力──性愛與暴力是人類最原始的衝動。當我們配合影片中大量的荒漠鏡頭進行解讀,可以明白要想在墨西哥的環境生存,就要變成一頭野獸,不得不叫人搖頭嘆息;三,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Estela</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">擁抱</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">孩子在沙發睡著,背景的光透過飄動的窗簾透進來,這一幕暗示了希望的存在,並帶出了一個問題:下一代是希望的開始,還是同樣的命運又會降臨?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的構圖細節不錯,有幾個長鏡頭值得欣賞,但故事對人物的性格描寫則較少,演員的表現也不是很突出。導演以現實主義的手法描繪故事,但論冷峻和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Mciheal Haneke</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">相比還有一點距離。影片的鏡頭雖然出色,但不夠有新意,如一開始汽車的鏡頭,讓我想起伊朗導演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Abbas Kiarostami</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。比較有趣的象徵是水</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的環境主要是荒漠,水象徵生命,當士兵打破了儲水器,生命便開始流失</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和摩天輪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被革職,他與他的妻子坐上了摩天輪,有命運不停重覆擺脫不到的意思</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。影片節奏的緩慢應是導演刻意之舉,但劇本張力還有點不夠,然而,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Heli</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》也不失為一部不錯的作品。</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-27225773805128651602014-03-28T00:24:00.000+08:002014-03-28T00:42:22.743+08:00從暗瘡到涅槃 From a pimple to nirvana / 2013 / 泰國 / 導演:阿滿夏林尼狄叔Amorn Harinnitisuk<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">泰國最盛名的電影類型,必然是鬼片。《從暗瘡到涅槃》的故事非常簡單,少女</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被物質世界纏擾,家裡放滿化妝品和鏡子,父母離異各自跟了他們的情人。她一個人獨自在家,被男朋友拋棄,正想自殺的時候,發現鼻子有一粒暗瘡,竟立刻放下刀,卻後知後覺被鬼魂困在屋裡,還想著如何把自己打扮得更漂亮。後來她精神崩潰,進入浴缸,與鬼魂進行一場哲學辯論後,消失在水裏,但輪迴是否就此打破?</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影給我的感覺眼前一亮,女主角的演技非常出色,是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">One Man Show</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,全套影片</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">130min</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">都在一間房子進行,極考驗導演的功力。肯定的是,除了結局外,這套電影可圈可點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKqDEt5Qgln-kV8ebY0HUyHyBTx7nP7R6vgb85IzoFO7buSbZxpjtkvO61cTbmA8ghbc6CT_38AVTZB_tbwyRlaQbMiEqabBD6Is8VgJ-yFU_YuJdIvzts4bSbcfcsNsHnjBoxmzUhx58/s1600/c297780a4a0811e3b26b12e22c292678_8.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhKqDEt5Qgln-kV8ebY0HUyHyBTx7nP7R6vgb85IzoFO7buSbZxpjtkvO61cTbmA8ghbc6CT_38AVTZB_tbwyRlaQbMiEqabBD6Is8VgJ-yFU_YuJdIvzts4bSbcfcsNsHnjBoxmzUhx58/s1600/c297780a4a0811e3b26b12e22c292678_8.jpg" height="320" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">第一‧影片的細節做得非常出色,包括道具,聲效。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">得不到家庭溫暖,於是以外表上的美麗掩飾內心的空虛,刻劃了她的脆弱和過於在意外界看法的性格。她的衣著昂貴、化妝品多不勝數、話題總離不開整容、隆胸、性格情緒化,都突顯了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的物質主義,而這種物質主義來自對家庭溫暖的賠償。電影一開始即用電話諷刺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的生活:第一部電話</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samsung</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,她情緒失控後把它扔爛了,想不到之後又可拿出另一部電話</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samsung)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,當然,隨著故事發展,第二部電話又被她扔爛。導演透過細節描寫性格,可謂非常出色。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">但此電影的細節不限於此,例如電話的解鎖聲音是水聲,暗示了她與男朋友攤牌後的一首歌《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Love is a bathtub</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,也暗示了在故事尾段在浴缸裡的哲學辯論;家中大量的毛公仔,暗示了她的孤單寂寞。這些細節為觀眾提供了極為賞心悅目的體驗。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyQfoXuUOfNZqIZfuNVWnHNJ7A3KMxe-P2-nPWDFuU_M1ufQaScM07o4VTokQK2nHBW0MXdHzxd-gSzb8t-qzOQVCDzYC5cFhI35M_jY2A3s0UETuZMmcZ18hWjoWFdc0YsSnCy4_YLP8/s1600/movie-from-a-pimple-to-nirvana-by-amorn-harinnitisuk-s2-mask9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyQfoXuUOfNZqIZfuNVWnHNJ7A3KMxe-P2-nPWDFuU_M1ufQaScM07o4VTokQK2nHBW0MXdHzxd-gSzb8t-qzOQVCDzYC5cFhI35M_jY2A3s0UETuZMmcZ18hWjoWFdc0YsSnCy4_YLP8/s1600/movie-from-a-pimple-to-nirvana-by-amorn-harinnitisuk-s2-mask9.jpg" height="171" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">第二‧作為恐怖片,它的氣氛處理出色──雖然故事後段失色了,但不能遮掩前段的緊張感。就如剛才所說,影片裡有大量鏡子,它作為道具起到非常出色的懸疑催化劑效果:觀眾總是會覺得鏡子會照到甚麼怪異東西。影片的鬼魂在非常後段才出現,一直吊著觀眾癮,而她每次出場只顯露一部分,証明了「只露一部份的怪物是最恐怖的」定律。此外,影片有幾個</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對著鏡子妝扮的鏡頭,值得注意的是,這時候</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是對著鏡頭演的,換句話說,觀眾就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的鏡子。從電影名字《從暗瘡到涅槃》,我們可以得知此片與佛學有關,這個鏡頭其實象徵了觀眾就是女主角</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,我們一樣被物質世界纏繞著,而之後影片中有一句話,是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">罵鬼魂有電影情意結,似乎是對我們這些買票進戲院的觀眾的幽了一默。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtDe9N61IQ6qEmxVFs8aevalp2HeADfHp9eBY2eAx5H-IefON65YnAQ7QNbzUn0vicFBd1wLe-dP-_VKkDuJSMjhQxsktv_LTTPCToW162e5bPETUxGHF9sirwfrT-wIwbfNZ3jzpHtgQ/s1600/movie-from-a-pimple-to-nirvana-by-amorn-harinnitisuk-s1-mask9.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtDe9N61IQ6qEmxVFs8aevalp2HeADfHp9eBY2eAx5H-IefON65YnAQ7QNbzUn0vicFBd1wLe-dP-_VKkDuJSMjhQxsktv_LTTPCToW162e5bPETUxGHF9sirwfrT-wIwbfNZ3jzpHtgQ/s1600/movie-from-a-pimple-to-nirvana-by-amorn-harinnitisuk-s1-mask9.jpg" height="171" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">第三,電影的意念設計出色。這套電影只有一個場景──房間,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">被鬼魂鎖了在屋裏,大門開不到,在窗台大喊又喊不出聲,呼天不應。電影的主題為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">要面對自己的內心才能走出物質的輪迴。困在房間走不出來,明顯是一個意象──困在自我的世界。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">可以穿著漂亮的衣服,在鏡子裡欣賞自己,也可以透過化妝技巧,遮掩鼻上的暗瘡,但這些行為,沒有人看到就沒意義。在這套電影裡,誰在欣賞這些衣服和化妝?正是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">自己</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從電影哲學的觀點來看,也可以是觀眾自身,但</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">並不知道,也沒有辨法知道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。如果觀眾有看此片的工作人員名單,會發覺鬼魂其實都是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">自己,更有趣的是,兩個鬼魂的名字是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik109</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik999</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。隨此之外,隨著故事發展,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在浴缸消失後,影片的鏡頭聚焦著住所大門的門把。門把是鎖著的,開不到,這是觀眾之前已知道的事實,而觀眾亦猜測到當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">消失後,大門能自動打開,但是,導演在這裡有一個特別的驚喜。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXqJrsn-HqssrVE3Ww9iQIGv57WnPoPwUXmo07lbRWS49BprXrtaiCQN3R17WRO487tKIAmkW64FA3cueuerKJ2Rb1ExbjW3tgdk2eNuNw7b4BcRzJ55wGrSHRjGK8mB1BGNgjjEYQzTs/s1600/hqdefault.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXqJrsn-HqssrVE3Ww9iQIGv57WnPoPwUXmo07lbRWS49BprXrtaiCQN3R17WRO487tKIAmkW64FA3cueuerKJ2Rb1ExbjW3tgdk2eNuNw7b4BcRzJ55wGrSHRjGK8mB1BGNgjjEYQzTs/s1600/hqdefault.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">沒有人從住所走出去,反而有另一個比較醜陋的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">走進住所,關上門。影片結局,醜陋的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">做了一件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不敢去做的事──自殺。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在現代,物質沉淪的問題已經嚴重到是一種輪迴。事實上,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一直都想自殺,並至少有兩次嘗試:第一次想割脈但被臉上的暗瘡轉移了視線,第二次想吃安眠藥卻不小心吃了維他命丸。這兩次的自殺失敗,看似荒謬,但不能說是偶然,因為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">本身就有不想自殺的意識。無法擺脫物質世界,就只能困在輪迴之中,這是導演帶出的討論的空間。雖然故事套上了佛學的軀殼,但不失為一次好的嘗試。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">遺憾的是,此作品還是有比較不好的地方,尤其是結尾,兩個鬼魂和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Nudnik</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的辯論可謂「畫公仔畫出腸」,一副傳道的樣子,兩個鬼魂不停的說,不停的說,剩下的電影語言就只有那個浴缸,況且,該場辯論為時不短,影片的節奏有點走了樣。另外,鬼魂一出來就自報家門:「我是甚麼?我做了甚麼?我為甚麼這樣做?」使影片的驚悚感大減。影片節奏頗慢,其實多裁剪點戲份也可,現在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">130min</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">有點冗長。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">整體來說,作為獨立電影的《從暗瘡到涅槃》技巧和故事令人滿意,雖然還不算很突出,但當中的技巧還是值得學習一下。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-67537554943253111632014-03-24T14:44:00.000+08:002014-03-24T14:44:23.274+08:00伊凡的童年 / Ivan's Childhood 伊凡的童年/ 1962 / 蘇聯 / 導演:安德烈‧塔可夫斯基Andrei Tarkovsk<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
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<![endif]--><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 俄國大導演塔可夫斯基</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Andrei Tarkovsky</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的處女長片──《伊凡的童年》,可以說已經標明了一位大師的誕生。塔可夫斯基以擅長詩意電影語言見稱。影片背景是二戰時期,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">12</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">歲的伊凡,他的母親和姐姐被納粹德軍所殺。對德軍懷有恨意的他,冒著危險抵達蘇聯的軍事區,務求獲得偵察兵一職。軍官以他年紀少為由,勸他到戰場後方的兒童院。倔強的伊凡不肯,最後在兩名軍官的陪同下,走到了最前線,獨自一人走到戰場探勘軍情。兩名軍官目睹伊凡離開後,返回了軍營。最後,戰爭結束,兩名軍官在德軍的處決名單中,發現伊凡的相片。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN3C-tIq5n3n8BxqtM7O3GWPRFfchrljlxS_foZDFHw4ZeHw8cWuuTC6k80N0_ZtYvit0GOhkfr8h9lM7_M4AVVMbL2Nxv2FzaCpiXi07p42FlhX7WQduGIH6GK-YWNfefcWl0SGIgc3c/s1600/ivans-childhood-movie-poster-1962-1020549801.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgN3C-tIq5n3n8BxqtM7O3GWPRFfchrljlxS_foZDFHw4ZeHw8cWuuTC6k80N0_ZtYvit0GOhkfr8h9lM7_M4AVVMbL2Nxv2FzaCpiXi07p42FlhX7WQduGIH6GK-YWNfefcWl0SGIgc3c/s1600/ivans-childhood-movie-poster-1962-1020549801.jpg" height="320" width="197" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《伊凡的童年》上映時在東西方都有爭議,鑑於影片多採用西方的技巧,塔可夫斯基被蘇聯列為親資產階級。肯定的是,導演探用了形式主義的拍攝手法,表現戰場的殘忍,冷眼凝視環境的扭曲。影片探用兒童視覺,構圖像德國的表現主義,尤其在伊凡的夢境,斜線的構圖反映了他內心被戰爭蹂躪過後的狀態。倘若把此片與意大利新寫實主義的作品比較,如《擦鞋童》、《德意志零年》,可以推斷塔可夫斯基更著重表現人內心的感覺多於刻劃現實環境。影片以大量的景深表現人的距離,後景、中景、近鏡的空隙,強調了戰爭時期人對死亡、分離的恐懼。前景的人表情明顯,後景的人被黑暗遮住了臉,彼此的情感受到壓抑,以側面描寫了戰爭對人的摧毀。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">但這就是戰場裏人與人之間關係嗎的全景嗎?塔可夫斯基在某些場景放置了鏡子,給我們演示了戰場上的人的心理狀況,例如,有一位對伊凡流露同情的年輕軍官,導演的處理是這樣的:在鏡子裏的伊凡是年輕軍官;在鏡子裏的年輕軍官是伊凡。這一段暗示了遭受戰爭殘酷影響的軍官,從伊凡看到了童年的自己。伊凡拼命地想成為一名軍官,對年輕軍官來說就是莫大的諷刺。塔可夫斯基透過景深和鏡子表達人物之間的關係,表現得淋漓盡致。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTkjhjz4Ab2ciaygwDO_kkdOUy4Od88YdX_A797ObOR5QemRXoNXQaxb-scFMtoQ4_WxLdAv3Q3hW0Rn2XCkJgRsJb7lA6jY3paYUUlYm-r3v_36ej3vHOPUvoWjA16AMQdmCBYnI8OYo/s1600/Ivan's+Childhood+01.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTkjhjz4Ab2ciaygwDO_kkdOUy4Od88YdX_A797ObOR5QemRXoNXQaxb-scFMtoQ4_WxLdAv3Q3hW0Rn2XCkJgRsJb7lA6jY3paYUUlYm-r3v_36ej3vHOPUvoWjA16AMQdmCBYnI8OYo/s1600/Ivan's+Childhood+01.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">作為一名詩人導演,塔氏固然有其經常用到的象徵符號,在《伊凡的童年》裏,馬是最明顯的,牠象徵了一種生命力,如在伊凡的夢境裏,馬吃著從車子掉下來的蘋果,象徵了伊甸園。誠然,馬在俄國有其獨特性,尤其是俄羅斯在十五世紀被蒙古征服,馬在俄國的生活裏或許已成為常見之物,也許對塔可夫斯基也有特別意義──塔可夫斯基也曾在訪談中談到他對馬的熱愛,而馬的形象也在其第二部長片《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Andrei Rublyov</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》有重要象徵地位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">有很多人都說,匈牙利著名導演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Bela Tarr</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是塔可夫斯基詩意的延續,這種說法不無道理,但相比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Bela Tarr</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">近乎黑暗的人生觀,塔可夫斯基多對藝術、根源、本質、宗教進行探討。在《伊凡的童年》,有一幕,在煙霧迷漫的炮火中,鏡頭在一個十字架的墓碑前旋轉。當鏡頭靜下,十字架後的濃霧漸露陽光,而光點就曝露在十字架之後。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt0CkMN3Aurpig9gVcyiNu-QAdJmmxABgrpiViN1suuj4TUmm9ksARnrLDUb-FsKt3rgNZhCV7Bzf2oz4wGRaFOMxPGxTjnGeiGF7PCpWBLjCDaP2bQHfqoXMlEVI4Qt9J-KLrcFnlasQ/s1600/tumblr_m789jv6ip61qzg4clo1_1280.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjt0CkMN3Aurpig9gVcyiNu-QAdJmmxABgrpiViN1suuj4TUmm9ksARnrLDUb-FsKt3rgNZhCV7Bzf2oz4wGRaFOMxPGxTjnGeiGF7PCpWBLjCDaP2bQHfqoXMlEVI4Qt9J-KLrcFnlasQ/s1600/tumblr_m789jv6ip61qzg4clo1_1280.png" height="242" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">土地和宗教似乎是俄羅斯民族比較關注的問題,中世紀經歷過與拜占庭經商,到後來阿拉伯崛起,傳來了伊斯蘭教,俄國的宗教比較多元化,再加上俄國階級以農民為主,可以想像土地和宗教問題在俄羅斯的重要性。塔可夫斯基作為一名詩人,對宗教探取懷疑態度,如剛才題及的一幕,也許是俄羅斯希望透過宗教獲得救贖的象徵,但無奈十字架是傾斜的,暗示了上帝的地位在戰爭中逐漸不穩。再一次,塔氏從側面描寫戰爭。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">塔氏曾經說過,喜歡土地多於天空,所以在他的作品中,土地的比例總比天空高。他認為土地的變化比天空多。在歷史的角度來說,塔氏的想法可謂正常,但我們亦可以推想:關注土地的塔氏是否暗示了其對自身的存在感到懷疑──沒有腳踏實地的感覺,所以要探討甚麼是土地?當然這只是推想,但如果連繫到塔氏電影的經常出現的主題,或許有解讀的可能。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_492Tqh4EiUo1EFftrqjHkxyEhWNWP1VHzm3ocTcr_bVXO2QUW1y2_k80e7kV9cbniubFTEJapBQ24N5tEczQCD2kkv_niwItcvIeHkjlJuy937yRBCML_prnp9YguQXUeajK8NET3KE/s1600/tumblr_mvixs8o1Ed1qhbrs7o1_1280.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_492Tqh4EiUo1EFftrqjHkxyEhWNWP1VHzm3ocTcr_bVXO2QUW1y2_k80e7kV9cbniubFTEJapBQ24N5tEczQCD2kkv_niwItcvIeHkjlJuy937yRBCML_prnp9YguQXUeajK8NET3KE/s1600/tumblr_mvixs8o1Ed1qhbrs7o1_1280.jpg" height="257" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對土地的執著,使塔氏的電影在某程度上多拍攝自然的風景,但塔氏用別的角度觀察現實,得到了詩意的畫面。影片末段,德國發放閃光彈到空中,搜索藏在林中的蘇軍,這些閃光彈,緩緩的從空中落下來作布景,沒有喧賓奪主,像殞落的星星,配合前景密密麻麻光禿的樹,伊凡在沼澤裏緩緩前行,宛如一幅單色的末日景象照。此片中段一名蘇聯軍官調戲蘇聯女護士的鏡頭也值得一題,女人時而走到鏡頭前,又在森林間閃來閃去,最後軍官在戰壕上,八字型的紮穩,兩腿分別站在戰壕的兩邊,抱起女護士,有種在荒野中起舞的感覺。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">故事的結尾是悲劇,並不等於痛苦不會延續下去,塔可夫斯基透過年輕軍官和伊凡的關係,暗示了人純真的消失。剛才已經說過,年輕軍官和伊凡像是鏡子的兩面,伊凡的死象徵了年輕軍官的純真已經消失,就如鏡頭所呈現,被吊死,被斷頭台所斬。為電影作收尾的是伊凡的一個夢,伊甸園的畫面再現,他和姐姐在海灘旁狂奔,跑進海裏,讓我想到影史經典《四百擊》最後一幕。伊凡姐姐裸體的上身,是人類回歸純真的象徵,伊凡亦臉露微笑,充滿生命力的跑在最前,相比《四百擊》無奈的眼神,簡直天壤之別。此場景和電影初段有強烈的對比,暗示了塔氏對天堂的期許,但現實卻總不是這麼一回事。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-81096842148136783012014-03-14T01:38:00.001+08:002014-03-14T01:39:40.784+08:00Her 觸不到的她 / 2014 / 美國 / 導演:史碧鍾斯Spike Jonze<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 廢話少說,此片必入經典。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在孤獨中思考愛情的故事屢見不鮮,是常見的故事元素;愛情是人們無法理解的難題。電影《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》的主旨基本圍繞於此,但《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》有層次地把對愛情的思考從簡單的地方入手,最後論及人類無法理解的大愛,使它超越了大部分愛情電影。從形而下說到形而上,從「失去」到「得到」又從「得到」到「失去」,到最後根本不知是「得到」還是「失去」,笑中帶淚,如何教人不心碎?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTxOb0KK1-aOEJv_xDkitf_gSs-algUw2HpE68sm8CNOgdTxelILNp6wp5GdBfycruZFXl3AkU-FvlE_FXb6VTh4e76SOZ7qNVrP2V5bsgL3h10GumFdJZnJqwXDUXvRa-s60XJM_8PCs/s1600/Her-2013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTxOb0KK1-aOEJv_xDkitf_gSs-algUw2HpE68sm8CNOgdTxelILNp6wp5GdBfycruZFXl3AkU-FvlE_FXb6VTh4e76SOZ7qNVrP2V5bsgL3h10GumFdJZnJqwXDUXvRa-s60XJM_8PCs/s1600/Her-2013.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片故事設定簡單而有趣,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">飾演在一間代客寫信公司上班的職員,每天為客戶撰寫充滿感情的信,但自己卻感情空虛。他與老婆要辨離婚手續,穿著紅色衣服的他在家打機,玩</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Phone sex</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,排解心中的寂寞。有幸,新科技的出現能夠舒緩他的困苦,一套電腦程式有最先進的人工智能,程式是個</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,名叫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,能夠自我進化。這人工智能像個真人一樣,有自我的情緒,有獨立的想法,兩人愈走愈近,並愛上對方。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">所有感情都要受考驗,和電腦程式拍拖是愛嗎?電腦程式會妒嫉嗎?她不是一個單純的程式,而是一個沒有驅縠的人。那麼,究竟他們的結局會怎樣?</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影不論在技巧和劇本上都無懈可擊。先說故事,故事的討論層面非常廣。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在類似的設定上發展而又是經典的,應該就是史提芬史匹堡的《人工智能</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / A.I</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》。在《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">A.I.</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》的年代,科技突飛猛進從而帶出問題:「機器可以戀愛嗎?」成為當時人關心的事。到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2014</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,科技更先進,「機器可以戀愛嗎?」已不是重點,反而「和機器戀愛能夠長久嗎?」才是重點。這其實反映了機器和人的差別愈來愈少,甚至機器似乎可以取代人。關於機器取代人的主題,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">20</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀未有很多,《未來戰士》、《攻縠機動隊》等,但到了現代,人應該從機械入手,重新思考人的問題,透過分析人與機械的不同,了解個人的存在──在機械來臨前,人其實也是透過他人來了解自己。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwY0CEbWiZ37mvmbIi3y6NiNfXy28AYsYuRQMRMeS47aXn0vlrsiI2pt8zdt8xFB0dBnCXdgCtGpbO5I3A-BGDc6xgWsEK_GDrj2NgaTM7SBgrqmhkJzXLD3Y3PHEXHBTvDxfsh7MtbAI/s1600/Her.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwY0CEbWiZ37mvmbIi3y6NiNfXy28AYsYuRQMRMeS47aXn0vlrsiI2pt8zdt8xFB0dBnCXdgCtGpbO5I3A-BGDc6xgWsEK_GDrj2NgaTM7SBgrqmhkJzXLD3Y3PHEXHBTvDxfsh7MtbAI/s1600/Her.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一個電腦程式,如果</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">能夠戀愛,從哲學觀點看其實象徵了人的存在是機械唯物主義,如果人的存在是機械唯物主義,就會有「靈魂是否存在?」的問題。電影裏沒有在這個問題上長篇分析,只是輕輕的談及,但這裏就接觸了愛情第一個根本問題:愛情是生物的化學作用還是甚麼?隨著劇情發展,觀眾會被導演以個人主義的口吻說服:和誰談戀愛也沒有問題,你怎知道你和電腦程式戀愛不是真的戀愛?個人的幸福快樂才是最重要。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這種觀點我相信應該是現代人主流的觀點,但《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》嘗試在這個命題上再走前一點,從而以更宏觀的角度探討愛情。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一個能自我成長的電腦程式,同時亦暗示了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是兩個世界的人,使他們的分手成為必然。影片裏,雖然</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">有提及過她自己和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">都是物質,但這是本質的問題,在現實上他們始終一個是人,一個是電腦程式。劇本的高明之處就在這,導演首先使觀眾認同</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一個人,之後再進行否定。他們的分手,不是因為現實的問題,更多是哲學的問題。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYervtHebPdFQ4f2up8dfM_6zU9-LToBhz8axd016Xinyeo_hR-UKCclykqZFfDkVL404I_ckbajgWFT9XZ5O_ZEd6slSWphufWy4mE_0WMz_BJqo3LivFF93rv1fdoBoRkEeGhGUy7FQ/s1600/Screen-Shot-2013-08-07-at-9_28_15-AM.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYervtHebPdFQ4f2up8dfM_6zU9-LToBhz8axd016Xinyeo_hR-UKCclykqZFfDkVL404I_ckbajgWFT9XZ5O_ZEd6slSWphufWy4mE_0WMz_BJqo3LivFF93rv1fdoBoRkEeGhGUy7FQ/s1600/Screen-Shot-2013-08-07-at-9_28_15-AM.jpg" height="213" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的成長太快,他和其他程式談論哲學,甚至同時愛上了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">600</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">多個人,這已經超越了人類的理解,所以當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">告訴</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">:「我和很多人同時談戀愛」,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">作為人類仍停留在:「愛就是獨佔一個人」的思維,當然無法理解</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世界中的愛。在現實裏,兩人用不同方法去愛對方,也有可能是分手的箇中原因。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">象徵了大愛,這是人類無法明白的世界。許多故事都有宣揚大愛,許多哲學和宗教都有宣揚大愛,但《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》強調了一點,大愛是存在,但人類不應以此去愛,因為這是人類無法做到的,超越了人的存在,人只要明白世界有大愛就好了,就像</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,既然是兩個世界的人,最後還是會分開。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">哲學的三個關鍵命題:我從哪裏來?我是誰?我要到哪裏?在這套電影裏我們可以看成:愛從哪裏來?愛是甚麼?要去怎樣愛?這三個核心問題,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》都涉及了,而且糖衣包裝,雅俗共賞。影片的後半段,每個人身邊都有一個人工智能程式,走到街上,乍看之下都像是自言自語。當觀眾看完電影,身邊的人也不都是低下頭看手機?《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Her</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》絕對可以當作預言來欣賞,甚至可能只是不久將來的事。科技無法取代人,在電影裏的解釋是人和科技是兩種生物,有共同的地方,但最終目標不同。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在影片象徵了真理,但人不能這樣活著,也沒有可能這樣活著,大概這就是人會心碎的原因。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXhIzIPkMnxRZWUw2507TeF1a2itcYHENshyphenhyphennfvjBRbW1zyRl6wvBITZvadQ2heZiBbgGtpcJOZC-U_Mi2KzUZEts7SHuPIDzK1bibSC9MDEUiw9zUzX7B2inIddYfdj4-qRq7l8Fdctk/s1600/still-of-joaquin-phoenix-in-her-(2013)-large-picture.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXhIzIPkMnxRZWUw2507TeF1a2itcYHENshyphenhyphennfvjBRbW1zyRl6wvBITZvadQ2heZiBbgGtpcJOZC-U_Mi2KzUZEts7SHuPIDzK1bibSC9MDEUiw9zUzX7B2inIddYfdj4-qRq7l8Fdctk/s1600/still-of-joaquin-phoenix-in-her-(2013)-large-picture.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">此外,導演亦安排了兩對情侶和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的前妻襯托故事,尢以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一段極其重要。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">曾經拍過一天拖,拍過拖的人總留有點感情,當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和他的未婚夫散了,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">也和另一個電腦程式做了朋友,兩人其實都是寂寞的人。故事的設定</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">相對</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">來說,給人的感覺沒那麼著迷於電腦程式,好像能夠抽離,但到了最後還是無法抽離。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的前妻和他簽離婚書的時候,導演亦強調了曾經走在一起的人從某個角度來說根本無法分開。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">技巧上,影片開頭城市在畫面佔的比例很重,當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在天橋行走,城市像壓在他的頭頂上,但去到後來,人的比重愈來愈大,因為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">找到了人生的新方向,重拾了生命的熱誠,找到一個人伴他一起成長。導演在處理兩人的互動上非常厲害,不少鏡頭都模擬了從</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的角度看世界,如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在海灘寫歌,鏡頭以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的視角橫視海灘,配樂就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">所寫的歌,使觀眾能夠設身處地代入</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的角色,同時亦使</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">更像真人。導演亦嘗試處理城市和人的關係,影片有不少一閃即過的城市空鏡,也有刻劃城市面貌的鏡頭,當中也不少得</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">獨自一人在家中望著窗外城市的鏡頭。城市的主色調為紅色,是色慾橫流,但當紅色淹沒在黑色之下,就是無法言明的真摯情感。有時,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">換上黃色衣服,相對沒那麼壓抑。早期拍攝</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的家多是在夜晚,但當他和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Samantha</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">有性關係後,開始有早上的場景。影片亦有一定數量的清晨場景,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在半睡半醒的狀況下回想往事,沒有背景音樂,讓人直接面對孤單寂寞,力度十足。</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="-ms-text-justify: inter-ideograph; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24pt;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片音樂出色,而</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一人撐起了整套電影,演技叫人驚嘆。影片最後是開放結局,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">都是寂寞人,也曾經有一天的戀情。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Amy Adams</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">把頭靠在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Joaquin Phoenix</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的肩膀上,而人仍然要活著。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">能夠看到一套叫人心碎的電影,真好。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-67287123817448738552013-11-07T14:30:00.000+08:002013-11-08T11:09:29.244+08:00Stray dogs 郊遊 / 2013 / 台灣 / 導演:蔡明亮<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<![endif]--><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"> 2013</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,蔡明亮再次扮演說書人,甚至道來李康生的故事,延續一個低下階層的人寂寞的一生。蔡明亮自從認識了李康生,他的作品明顯的就是李康生的成長故事。兩人從二十多年前的《青少年哪托》開始合作,在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2013</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,他們兩人享受慢慢老去的時光,而《郊遊》就是描述一個人慢慢變老的過程。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-top: 9.0pt; mso-para-margin-top: .5gd; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.0pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">要分析蔡明亮的電影是困難的,他的十套電影環環相扣,是李康生的一部傳記。從</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">1992</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年《青少年哪托》的少年迷茫、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">1997</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年《河流》的家庭崩潰、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2001</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年《你那邊幾點》的人的疏離、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2004</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年《天邊一朵雲》的激情與真愛、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2006</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的《黑眼圈》的漂泊,去到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">2013</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的《郊遊》,李康生和陳湘琪在《天邊一朵雲》的激情已漸逝去;身為人父的李康生,也許能感受到在《河流》裏家庭的疏離。蔡明亮透過十個故事,告訴了我們城市的生活是如此寂寞,人的感情在城市裏是如此微不足道。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影《郊遊》起始便需留意的一點是英文片名,並非直接能譯作「郊遊」的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">”A Day of Out” </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">或是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">”Hiking”</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,而是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">”Stray Dogs”</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,意即是「流浪狗們」。李康生飾演一名在街邊拿著廣告牌的低下階層人士,住在荒野的一個廢墟裏。妻子楊貴媚從電影開場一幕已經以梳頭打扮拋下了分居的引子,遺下兒子和女兒予小康獨自照顧。在社會邊緣掙扎是李康生的生活寫照,每天站在馬路旁舉起廣告牌,被馬路上呼嘯而過的行車夾雜無情的雨水吹得東歪西倒,毫無表情地充當著廉價勞工。這似乎是蔡導對自己的一種嘲弄,地產廣告牌象徵著自己的電影,直行直過的行車就如不懂欣賞自己電影的觀眾,只有少數買他帳的看官,才是他繼續拍電影的依靠。當然也有同行已經熬不住這樣的生活,不幹了,這是一個對台灣現今電影工業已幾乎完全走向主流娛樂化的諷刺。經過一天的疲於謀生,肚子餓便與兒女坐在街邊吃飯,這時英文片名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;">”Stray Dogs” </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的用意就發揮了出來,三口子吃飯的場面,甚至小康獨個兒對著鏡頭啃食雞腿飯,就像在街邊拾到食物的流浪狗般。每人暫時忘卻流落世界的艱苦,一家人坐下吃飯本應是一個溫馨的場面,卻讓人看得難受。小康工作中途找到一片小林小解,以及兒女每天並非像辛辛學子般上學讀書,而是終日在超級市場流連繞著試食區醫肚,這些也是另一個野狗生活的呈現方式。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他內心的寂寞無從發泄,只好在沉悶的工作中,高歌一曲岳飛的《滿江紅》,在語無論次中感嘆時不與我的人生慨嘆。大概是兒女掛念母親,他們在床上用高麗菜製造了一個假女人,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">正好小康喝得酩酊大醉,一觸即發懷在心底裏的寂寞和怨恨。他輕輕吻著高麗菜,再把高麗菜狠狠地撕碎吃掉,有如《滿江紅》作者岳飛氣吞天下的氣勢,發洩過後卻又不能不回到空虛孤獨,在床上抱住已成碎片的高麗菜痛哭。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinWHRhcGPDBml2m45sY1PKgY7ETAyJG_6rgBWayZYz_M-SZ3b46oNnYRQhC9CFxaIHhvOzawmEeuU3GenWoL_3BAjf5JctIHRmje1XYWg9XAT5QQ3stQpBrgxyVYAMHEh56T0ZnynSDLM/s1600/C028287E.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinWHRhcGPDBml2m45sY1PKgY7ETAyJG_6rgBWayZYz_M-SZ3b46oNnYRQhC9CFxaIHhvOzawmEeuU3GenWoL_3BAjf5JctIHRmje1XYWg9XAT5QQ3stQpBrgxyVYAMHEh56T0ZnynSDLM/s1600/C028287E.jpg" width="253" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">母親畢竟惦掛著兒女,有時候也會偷偷地回到廢墟看望他們,在這裏我們看到愛即使消失了還是會有甚麼留下來,連繫著他們一家人。暴風雨快要來到,暗示了情感即將受到極大的衝擊。蔡明亮再一次施展他運用水的象微能力,以一場暴風雨刻劃李康生和妻子感情的缺堤。妻子在樹後鑽出,緊緊抱著兒女,把李康生一腳踢到小船上。小船在河上飄,雨水刮打眾人的臉,感情好像從來沒有定居處,漂泊一生。在《你那邊幾點》,漂泊的是旅行箱、在《黑眼圈》,漂泊的是三人的寂寞,想不到來到人生的這個階段,李康生還在漂泊中。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">多年的夫妻情,總有漫長的記憶,發生過感情的雙方總不能夠完全忘記對方。暴風雨後,一家人在黑暗的房間為李康生慶生。那場戲,背景是黑暗的,兒女點燃了生日蠟燭,李康生卻想不到許甚麼生日願望。他吹熄了生日蠟燭,一切又回到黑暗。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">小康作為父親卻始終在家中沒有佔過一席位︰他洗澡浸浴是獨個兒;一天辛勞後本應是兒女盡孝心為父親按摩,小康卻只能坐在電動按摩椅聽著妻兒的功課輔導,即使兒子的在作文題目「郊遊」寫不出什麼來,也沒去理會父親;想要喝口酒輕鬆一下,卻要弄得偷偷摸摸;妻子陳湘琪在家中看見丈夫也像看見陌生人般嚇著。小康在家庭中可有可無的地位在一個場景中被無限放大。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">晚上,女兒問媽媽為甚麼房子那麼多裂痕,母親告訴女兒:「人老了就會有皺紋,房子老了就會有裂痕。很久以前,這裏下了一場好大的雨,水都滲進了房子,所以房子很傷心,留下了很多裂縫。」女兒好奇地問:「但我看不到屋裏有水啊?」母親若有所思地回答:「都已經乾了。」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">結尾,李康生和</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">陳湘琪</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">廢墟前的一幅壁畫,沒有說話。壁畫是還是殖民地的十九世紀台灣,一切都是那樣樸素自然。兩人望著它,不知在想著甚麼,隨時間流過,並讓一個長鏡頭,細膩地凝視他們的感情如何製造眼睙,眼淚又如何變乾。十多分鐘的長鏡頭,大概也暗示了人的一生,呼應了房子的故事。最後一個鏡頭,李康生擁抱</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">陳湘琪</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">不得要領,只能目送妻子</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">漠然的離去,李康生喝喝酒,把瓶子扔到地上,離開。人去樓空,不論過去的激情還是現在的寂寞都不再重要。人的一生還有很多事情還沒參透就死亡,只有故事留下來。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《郊遊》裡面小康妻子的角色是由楊貴媚、陸奕靜和</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">陳湘琪</span>三人分飾,甚至連高麗菜也可算是分飾的演員之一。陳、楊、陸三人在年紀上的差別都代表了妻子這個角色與小康的不同婚姻階段。拋棄兒女的楊和抓回兒女的陸自然是代表了現在,相對而言較年輕的陳就是小康對過去圓滿家庭的回憶和挽回婚姻兒女的幻想。而且片中疏離的人物關係處處可見,閒話家常貌似溫馨的對白其實形同虛設,只是一個小康被妻兒背叛後的孤獨和絕望感再次放大的有利條件。還有電影中幾乎沒有一幢完整的建築物,在靜止凝固的鏡頭下這些爛尾樓和廢墟呈現的蒼茫和荒涼有膨漲之感。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">基本上,《郊遊》還是蔡明亮一貫的風格,要明白《郊遊》首先就是要了解蔡明亮在過去作品裏的一些常用意象。對初次接觸蔡明亮作品的朋友,最大的困難便是要明白蔡明亮的一些慣常用象徵。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一‧水。它在蔡明亮的鏡頭裏總是骯髒的,城市裏的水窪是經常出現的意象,而《河流》裏骯髒的河就是最明顯的象徵。水象徵了真摯、簡單、純樸的感情,但水在這個城市裏總是被浪費,如在《天邊一朵雲》就是這樣。《郊遊》裏的暴風雨象徵了感情的缺堤,影片從開頭就暗示暴風雨的到來,可謂高招,而結尾暴風雨停了下來,陽光透過缺口照進廢墟,似要再一次蒸發雨水,蒸發感情。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcUr4AVJoAgcpMHNk-701DOdTZ_ACepTGlycUVflJx0DWyixmDIblXvxPWwnxU5a3he4CB_iNDMswog9cjEm_jNPDJ6aUyOVMSpS6wEPZ76VfwlDWwWUiodYBPb9imwGvh_8Xl3Demt6w/s1600/rdn_5227c5b178221.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcUr4AVJoAgcpMHNk-701DOdTZ_ACepTGlycUVflJx0DWyixmDIblXvxPWwnxU5a3he4CB_iNDMswog9cjEm_jNPDJ6aUyOVMSpS6wEPZ76VfwlDWwWUiodYBPb9imwGvh_8Xl3Demt6w/s1600/rdn_5227c5b178221.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">二‧電影有大量的性暗示。在這個城市裏,孤單寂寞隨處可見,而為了抵抗寂寞,人往往選擇用性愛的方法解決。但是,《郊遊》的性暗示相比以往作品明顯較少,只有開頭的草叢、小船和隧道,因為李康生和陸奕靜都老了,性對長了年紀的人來說是奢侈品,且性慾也沒有年輕時旺盛。在年輕的時候,人覺得不愉快可以從感情上得到慰藉,但人大了,感情沒有著落,同時又要照顧兒女,工作也毫無樂趣可言,心中的壓抑更加無從發泄。想起在《天邊一朵雲》西瓜充滿了水份,但在《郊遊》裏的高麗菜根本就是乾的,濕潤的只有李康生的唾液。李康生在這場戲,先吻一吻高麗菜,再把它捏碎吃掉,到這裏,觀眾才發覺愛與恨是一對連體嬰,不分彼此。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">三‧長鏡頭。蔡明亮的長鏡頭就是他的生活哲學。「生活節奏太快了,看電影,就應該享受慢的過程」、「慢是很美的、慢慢老去是很美的,這是生命的過程」。以長鏡頭暗喻生命時間,匈牙利大導演貝拉塔爾,希臘大導演安哲羅普洛斯相信也有同樣想法。相比起荷里活的快剪鏡頭,蔡明亮對香港觀眾來說其實極不討好,因為香港人較少感受慢的價值。蔡明亮的導演手法同樣也充滿生活哲學。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">今回《郊遊》一反蔡導慣常使用的菲林攝影,而用上了數碼攝製,使蔡導可以不用再顧慮他的長鏡頭會令菲林何時用光,放心地讓鏡頭對準小康和其他演員的特寫表演。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在《青少年哪吒》,即使蔡明亮經常即興拍攝,還是有一定的劇本,但到了《郊遊》,劇本已經是剩餘簡單幾句,李康生都懶得看劇本了,蔡明亮也沒有規定李康生怎樣演,他任由演員以本性探索角色,不以設計過的對白規限演員的本性表演,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「現在我發現我拍我的演員,就像是看著小孩自己在玩耍。」</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">李康生在蔡明亮電影裏,總是以真名出現,而李康生大概也是在演自己,爐火純青的演技加上本性演出,使蔡明亮的作品別樹一格,感情真摯。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《郊遊》裏還有無數大大小小的象徵,如妻子的潔癖,暗示了對像流浪狗般的李康生感到嫌惡。在《天邊一朵雲》象徵性愛的西瓜可以遍怖全身,再《郊遊》就變成了一瓶清除臭味的除臭噴霧劑;在廢墟裏,狗的名字是李登輝,蔣介石的相架也破了,廢墟裏是台灣舊風光的壁畫,蔡明亮對現今的台灣政治表明了失望的態度。《郊遊》是一個非常有內涵的電影文本,值得大家一看再看。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.0pt;">Lorraine & HinNie</span></div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-11314439177134323442013-10-13T00:24:00.000+08:002013-10-13T00:24:01.433+08:00Paradise: Faith天堂三部曲之信 / 2012 / 奧地利 / 導演:伍爾瑞克賽德厰Ulrich Seidl<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">天堂三部曲,導演為信、望、愛各拍了一齣電影,開門見山的探討了人類的三個永恆追求:愛、信仰、希望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTLjRJrGhpei7fRiwOqd1Pmpt7iJbSV33KTO1CfrcEbWX_J7xdnmpGXHCgMEKgW-xAthcraZrfS0Ynmor7KGbQHSzLn-LYXLLt11bWAXbaDgAGqX-PD04ypE1vEsRt6KVtiMsKLaLP20g/s1600/iCacQcykiMvVtknrFN94A40OH4h.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTLjRJrGhpei7fRiwOqd1Pmpt7iJbSV33KTO1CfrcEbWX_J7xdnmpGXHCgMEKgW-xAthcraZrfS0Ynmor7KGbQHSzLn-LYXLLt11bWAXbaDgAGqX-PD04ypE1vEsRt6KVtiMsKLaLP20g/s1600/iCacQcykiMvVtknrFN94A40OH4h.jpg" height="320" width="216" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">導演</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ulrich Seidl</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的標誌是對生活冰冷的凝視,他的鏡頭總是不怎麼移動,似乎在告訴觀眾生活的沉悶性。天堂三部曲之信故事講述女主角安妮是一名基督教徒,非常熱衷傳福音、熱愛唱聖詩、隨身帶聖水;安妮的丈夫是一名穆斯林的教徒,夫妻之間沒有感情交流。影片不是情節導向,而是隨著生活的節奏流動,緩慢而叫人窒息。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影的第一個鏡頭就是女主角安妮對神的敬畏,她一邊向耶穌祈禱,一邊鞭打自己。沒有配樂的襯托,皮鞭的聲音格外響亮。一個鏡頭,導演鮮明地刻劃了安妮的性格:強迫症、執著、傳統,也許還有精神上的潔癖。接著全白色的鏡頭,除了說明安妮是一名護士,同時也說明了安妮精神上的潔癖,而病人乾癟的身軀對應了安妮對性的恐懼。開頭充擊視覺的畫面點到即止,接下來就是安妮生活的片段,兩者有強烈的對比。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span> </div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ulrich Seidl</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">很擅長描寫人內心的予盾,而角色不用說一句話。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的前半段沒有解釋安妮鞭打自己的原因,但很用力的刻畫了安妮對信仰的執著,如她會隨身帶著聖水到處噴,也會送聖母瑪利亞像給不認識的人。她特地放假為了傳福音,並逐家逐戶宣揚神的愛。影片中甚至出現安妮對耶穌有性幻想的象徵,如安娜睡覺時擁抱著十字架,把它放進被窩裏。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">一個對信仰如此執著的人有怎樣的心理?筆者認為這是一種補償心態。簡單來說,以現實作例子,一個屢次在愛情上遭遇不幸的人,往往把心思放在工作上,反之亦然。人作為一個個體,需要有值得依賴的地方,不論它是一個人、一種物件或是一種觀念。一般人通常會有幾個值得依賴的東西,但如果生活中沒有甚麼值得依賴,那麼原本分散的依賴將會集中在一種東西,導致生活中的失衡。依照這種思路,一名對精神生活如此執著的人,也許對現實生活感到無助。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCOrO3lAH_t0EAb109bAgJw6_hyRjLQmTuD6P96Iy84xOYZnJR3KWgdWCcHHPJdjLqU0UfNYEVmyi2Px_8h5F-Rzgh9VNnMC4BIOrtq6sxB6H4j3e69j98uB5GzfeyLkJUpeUCimdAiAQ/s1600/paradise_faith_7_nabil_saleh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCOrO3lAH_t0EAb109bAgJw6_hyRjLQmTuD6P96Iy84xOYZnJR3KWgdWCcHHPJdjLqU0UfNYEVmyi2Px_8h5F-Rzgh9VNnMC4BIOrtq6sxB6H4j3e69j98uB5GzfeyLkJUpeUCimdAiAQ/s1600/paradise_faith_7_nabil_saleh.jpg" height="245" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">安妮就是這樣人,她的傳教方式有一種自我犠牲的態度,包括精神、時間和肉體。從她和丈夫的相處,可以看出她很少表達自己的感情,這種性格在影片尾段她和丈夫爭執時更加明顯。「把自我消滅、拯救世人」這句話很適合形容安妮,而這種態度與其說是原於理想或理念,倒不如說更像是沿於自卑和防衛心態。影片沒有告訴觀眾她自衛心理的明確起因,觀眾只能從影片的蛛絲馬跡推測。不得不提的是這是導演一貫的風格,是否喜歡因應個人,始終生活有時候總是難以解釋,個人認為這種手法很有生活感。因為導演的定鏡頭,影片塑造了一種透不過氣來的生活殘忍感,沒有配樂,只有間中的雜聲,像是把生活中瑣碎的部分挪開,要人直視生活的本質。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這種手法其實挺配合安妮的性格,特別是在一幕,安妮在公園裏遇到十多個男女群交,當時是黑夜,群交的人沒有留意到安妮。安妮對性有潔癖,影片簡單而有力地描寫了安妮驚慌失措的情緒,細心的觀眾也可以發現這幾個鏡頭與之前的鏡頭的對比──白色和黑色的對比,白色為安妮的表象,黑色為安妮的內心。此外,導演在安妮回家後立刻剪到安妮洗澡一幕,更突顯了她的潔癖,而這鏡頭的乾淨俐落相比起之前的緩慢的節奏,為影片打了一支強心針。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidWIA77D9Yh6SE_PJN6HnuWU0UW4o6trBkZ2XcRO_GyGGAbb52BTcTYPNOHd841jaMOYC-dgyGSilIpXb5j8CSbj7OH0bK-ldJ6cJsDM7DnP7g2XLb6tYt0z9tm_D_FsOhrQymUAsBuNI/s1600/Paradise-Faith-di-Ulric-Seidl.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidWIA77D9Yh6SE_PJN6HnuWU0UW4o6trBkZ2XcRO_GyGGAbb52BTcTYPNOHd841jaMOYC-dgyGSilIpXb5j8CSbj7OH0bK-ldJ6cJsDM7DnP7g2XLb6tYt0z9tm_D_FsOhrQymUAsBuNI/s1600/Paradise-Faith-di-Ulric-Seidl.jpg" height="248" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">故事的中段導演開始強調夫妻之間的關係,兩人的寓所有很多宗教物件,包括基督教的和穆斯林的。儘管兩人相處在一起,但彼此都感到對方的宗教物件有點礙眼。夫妻不吵架的時候家是平靜的,一吵架這些宗教物件便變成為發泄的對象。教義的衝突和感情的衝突可以從兩人禱告的畫面領悟。兩人的禱告場景都是獨自一人在室內,象徵了宗教的排外性和兩人的隔膜。故事曾暗示兩人關係的急轉直落原於很久以前的一場車禍,生活帶來的衝擊改變了兩人對生活的看法,過去的生活一去不返。此影片上映時曾受到宗教人士的杯葛,原因之一是導演將宗教與逃避主義劃上等號,雖然導演沒有反宗教,但對宗教的迷信導致生活的扭曲卻是影片的一大主題。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">演員方面,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ulrich Seidl</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">喜歡專業演員和非專業演員混用,當中安妮是專業演員,她的丈夫是非專業演員,而他的丈夫演得出奇地好,成功地演繹了一個殘障、對生活沒有希望但對妻子仍懷有愛意的老男人。另外值得留意的是天堂三部曲裏的女人都是中年且身材走樣,這種連自己身體都無法控制的意象殘忍地描繪了生活的冷酷無情和人類生命力漸減退的痛苦。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">說起這位奧地利導演,他的風格或許會使人想起令一個風格差不多的導演──</span><span class="st"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Michael Haneke</span></span><span class="st"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Arial; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial;">,兩人的鏡頭同樣冰冷,且都是奧地利藉導演。奧地利曾是德國領土,也許德國工業式的冰冷和理性大大影響了奧地利的電影,從而使奧地利導演對現實有一種赤裸裸的分析態度。而在奧地利大部分人都信奉天主教、伊斯蘭教、基督教,也許影片中的衝突是現實中經常發生的事。</span></span><span class="st"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="st"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;"><o:p> </o:p></span></span></div>
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<span class="st"><span lang="EN-US" style="color: #222222; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;">Lorraine</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02793599947689373391noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-60237707379491274992013-10-04T20:04:00.000+08:002013-10-04T20:04:14.532+08:00Gravity 引力邊緣 / 2013 / 美國 / 英國 / 導演:艾方素卡朗Alfonso Cuarón<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 荷里活災難片近年有明顯的審美疲勞,特技的濫用與題材的重覆,導致災難片找不到新的出路。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》嘗試在荷里活的套路下玩出新花款,整體來說是成功的。說起太空災難片,《阿波羅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">13</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">號》、《絕世天劫》都是經典之作,它們運用特技強調災難的嚴重性,在災難裏逼使人真情流露,成為太空災難片的劇情套路。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》基本上沒有走出這個框格,但特別的拍攝手法、極簡主義的構圖和明顯的政治意識,為《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》增加了不少亮點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》故事簡單,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">George Clooney</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在美國太空站執行任務,過程中被俄國的衛星碎片擊中,漂流於太空。絕望中,兩人想方設法回地球,最後只有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">存活。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》在故事上可說的不多,都是套路,反而拍攝技巧和政治意識卻值得一談。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9m4h7TvUMTpNVlqBXNYTSOeX8yYaqnH0PFk17MIV0Wt_FNW2jm2q-0DqLabrWu9omFMQhfmcM_OLFu-4jkRInxjT7kyKYuqLTYXPWPjFYwKfLXjfgtLtDvYR25wf8MBon0qbt7ufzmFI/s1600/185102577_1378766248.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9m4h7TvUMTpNVlqBXNYTSOeX8yYaqnH0PFk17MIV0Wt_FNW2jm2q-0DqLabrWu9omFMQhfmcM_OLFu-4jkRInxjT7kyKYuqLTYXPWPjFYwKfLXjfgtLtDvYR25wf8MBon0qbt7ufzmFI/s1600/185102577_1378766248.jpg" height="250" width="400" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">近年美國電影諷刺俄國已成潮流,簡直不放俄國在眼內,大概是為了報斯諾登事件和敍利亞生化武器事件的仇,不得不出盡火力,例如《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Kick-ass 2</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Mother Russia</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Mother fucker</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的諧音。同樣,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》的始作俑者也是俄國。俄國放導彈炸毀一個自國棄用衛星,衛星碎片向美國太空站和中國太空站飛去,暗含了美國對俄國的不滿。美國和中國的象徵則比較有趣。例如在逃生過程中,美國太空站被碎片擊中崩解,提醒觀眾美國的國勢漸弱與俄國搞小動作有關;後來</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">抵達國際太空站,情怳依然嚴峻。國際太空站在歷史上是九十年代以美俄為主的太空合作項目,它的破碎象徵了美俄合作的不可能。在絕望之際,中國太空站是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">唯一的救生索。中國太空站在象徵上可以分三個層次:一‧中國太空站在俄國的衛星碎片下也自身難保,是美國在提醒中國小心俄國;二</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">‧Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">操控中國太空站逃生,但儀器全是中文介面,緊急關頭她單憑在美國太空站的經驗和直覺成功逃脫。中國太空站和美國太空站儀器上的相似,象徵了中國與美國有相似之處,是合作的好夥伴;三‧在細節上,中國太空站有一塊乒乓球拍,暗示中美乒乓外交的歷史,強調中美合作的重要性;中國太空站控制台上的佛像也是有趣的暗示:中美文化儘管不同,但合作不是問題。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSZ7-HrTzAE0oMk3ANWhiXzl79XfWu2WCldlTLNvz1GDiEyAjfinnfj8EW9FgRB4FQT2cGGvKn0T264xZRWM9t38Tqwrcnh0HEs8pOdEP80mxfim2jT6DNdRkHXu1DN7cSztTSQ5hG9yA/s1600/george-clooney-gravity-image.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSZ7-HrTzAE0oMk3ANWhiXzl79XfWu2WCldlTLNvz1GDiEyAjfinnfj8EW9FgRB4FQT2cGGvKn0T264xZRWM9t38Tqwrcnh0HEs8pOdEP80mxfim2jT6DNdRkHXu1DN7cSztTSQ5hG9yA/s1600/george-clooney-gravity-image.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">影片後段</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">從國際太空站逃出,但太空艙沒有燃料,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在絕望之際接收到來自地球的頻道,卻是一個無聊人和他的狗在吠。她精神崩潰,開始扮狗叫,象徵了美國像狗一樣的處境。此時,已死去的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">George Clooney</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">出現,拯救了決定自殺的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,使</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">發現新的逃生方法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">醒來後,發現這是幻覺,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">George Clooney</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">確實已死了,但她找到新的逃生方法。這段是點題用的劇情,其中「下降等於上升」,其實勸喻美國不要再以己為尊,應謙遜與中國合作。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》在構圖上有巧妙的思維,它靈活地運用太空的黑色作背景,大量使用極簡主義構圖,靠景深交代故事,光暗呈現出來的絕望恰到好處。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">自從李安的《少年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">PI</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">奇幻之旅》開創了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">電影語言,電影界非常希望探索</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">電影的更多可能性,如香港的徐克就嘗試以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">拍攝武俠片的快速鏡頭。值得一讚的是,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">語言上有新的探索:景深。占士金馬倫的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">呈現壯麗的畫面;李安的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">探索環境的廣度;徐克的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">實驗運鏡速度;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Alfonso Cuarón</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的太空場景基本上就是李安所實驗過的利用環境的廣度,突顯宇宙的深度。另一方面因為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">畫面前後有距離感,導演嘗試將景深放入</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">語言,別有一番味道,雖不及當年李安的震撼,但亦欣賞導演的勇氣,出來的效果非常好。這樣能不能說在運用景深時</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">語言比</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">2D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">更有可塑性?暫時筆者呈觀望態度,但前景似乎不錯,表面來看,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">3D</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的深度表現的確很適合景深的運用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 構圖上,剛才所說的極簡主義構圖有很多,在此不多說,但有一幕非常值得一提,就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">第一次進入太空艙的場景。那是一個定鏡頭,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">處於畫面中央位置,在漂浮狀態下她逐一脫下裝備。卸下一切後,她展開身體,深呼吸,然後屈膝貼向胸口,雙手抱腿。這是一個母親裏的胎兒的構圖。如果觀眾有留意背景,可以看到在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">肚臍位置後方有一條白色的氣管或是電線的物體,是臍帶的象徵。接著的畫面是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">遊走於太空站狹窄的通路,是陰道的象徵。筆者認為這個意象最基本的含義有三個:一‧從太空存活過來,她感到一種安全感,這種安全感就像人重新回到母體一樣,艙內的白色與太空的黑色有一種強烈的對比。二‧連結劇情裏</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">死去的孩子,暗示了她的思念和孩子的死給她帶來的脆弱特質;三‧呼應片尾字幕「致母親」,這個主題其實隱含了在影片裏,是影片的潛台詞、導演給觀眾的小謎題。在「肧胎」意象出現之前,其實還有一個「精子」擊中「卵子」的意象。當</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">George Clooney</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> Sandra Bullock</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">合作飛去國際太空站時,兩人用繩縛起像一條精蟲。其中有個構圖,背景的行星佔了畫面左邊的四分之三,精蟲從畫面右邊出來,進入行星的範圍,成為「受精」的意象。把這兩個意象與片尾的海底場景一起解讀,會發現《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》就是在形象化地講述一個人誕生的過程。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此外筆者大膽猜測還有一個含義,大家可以討論一下是否有解讀過度:導演的人本主義思想。這個場面發生在國際太空站,國際太空站的主要合作成員有:美國國家航空暨太空總署、俄國聯邦太空局、日本宇宙航空研究開發機構、加拿大太空局、歐洲太空總署。導演的胎兒構圖發生在國際太空站,暗含了一種國家合作的目的是為了人類福祉的思想:國家合作為母親,人類為胎兒。這場景表達了導演的理想主義政治觀,與前面俄國衛星碎片的象徵截然不同。導演強調在現實環境下中美要合作對抗俄國,但另一方面又強調國家的政策要以人為本。理想主義和現實主義的矛盾隱含在此影片裏,使得《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》的可觀性極高。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">鏡頭運用上,遊離的鏡頭在凝造太空的無重力感非常成功,某些鏡頭運用第一視點也不錯地呈現了太空的浩翰和荒涼。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》在類型上較像災難特技片多於災難驚悚片,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》的鏡頭不停移動,且移動速度不算慢,這種手法不太易捕捉角色感情,再加上太空站的爆炸場面與鏡頭運用產生無意的連結,使到驚悚氣氛不太強烈,但整體上還是能帶出主角的無助感。浩瀚的宇宙中間,穿著白色太空服的人顯得渺小無助。音樂使用方面則有點過量,氣勢太壯大,如能節制一點,則更能凝造太空的壓迫感。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">無可否認,《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》是近來難得的一齣佳作,表面看它是一套氣氛到位的太空災難片,細心看它是導演對中美俄政治關係的探討,仔細分析會發現導演對母親的感情,感謝母親誕下自己的心意。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Gravity</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》絕對是非常豐富的文本。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-6878389481615032082013-07-13T20:26:00.000+08:002013-07-13T20:33:30.514+08:00電影史話第四話(1919-1926)──德國表現主義電影<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1916</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,德國為對抗美國和法國電影,全面禁止外國片進口。當時第一次世界大戰正進行中,德國政府成立了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">UFA(Universum
film Aktiengesellschaft)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">公司,開始了軍事宣傳片的拍攝。在表現主義出現之前,德國有兩種類型的電影,一種是史詩片,通常是模仿意大利的史詩的拍攝手法,另一種就是室內劇,是一種著重描寫心理的電影,特點是單一的場景和時間人物。一次世界大戰未期,獨立電影公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Decla</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">想拍一齣與當時的電影風格非常不同的作品,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1920</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,《卡里加利博士的小屋</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> /
The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》誕生,標誌著表現主義電影的出現。</span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLMwCXYj0XKBQZMRTzfE3VsQ9ttDgPFATkkFKBphTggu9nFip6-zFvU0XW3MuniPwoSszc6GyODaHK7TAdAZxrTgDlDqiVdf8vDvFTHpkEcD5WRDKoawUiNuuoSHdm9ZDK8OC5QSvgsKg/s1600/cabinet_of_dr_caligari_poster_shop_new_2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLMwCXYj0XKBQZMRTzfE3VsQ9ttDgPFATkkFKBphTggu9nFip6-zFvU0XW3MuniPwoSszc6GyODaHK7TAdAZxrTgDlDqiVdf8vDvFTHpkEcD5WRDKoawUiNuuoSHdm9ZDK8OC5QSvgsKg/s320/cabinet_of_dr_caligari_poster_shop_new_2.jpg" height="256" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">談起表現主義電影,就要先說它的起源。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1912</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,德國先鋒藝術雜誌《暴風》首次運用了「表現主義」一詞,大致的意思是用誇張的畫面表達畫家的心理狀態。換句話說,圖像隨著畫家的內心世界扭曲變型。表演主義畫派最為人所知的畫作應是孟克的《吶喊</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(1893)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》,其他如馬克的《動物的命運</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(1913)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》和基希納的《街上兩婦人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(1914)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》也是名作。雖然沒有人明確要求表現主義一定要表現畫家的恐懼和不安,但大部分的表現主義作品都往這方向發展。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不論怎樣,德國表現主義就是要透場景的扭曲讓觀眾產生不安感,呈現的世界都比較灰暗無光。表現主義的誕生也許歸因於兩個原因:一‧存在主義和尼采「狄奧尼索斯式</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">酒神</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」的瘋狂藝術觀的影響,強調個人情緒的表達;二‧德國差勁的經濟。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《卡拉加利博士的小屋》呈現了一個精神病人的世界,整個故事都是虛幻的,劇情關於一個精神病患者,他告訴一個女人他有人想殺他,但到頭來只是腦海裏編造的故事而已,影片結尾醫生把他推進精神病人,表現了絕望的世界。這齣電影和後來的表現主義電影,間接反映德國社會的問題。第一次世界大戰的戰敗德國承受了《凡爾賽條約》的屈辱,魏瑪共和國民望極低,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1918</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1923</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年德國面臨通貨膨漲,馬克嚴重貨幣貶值,社會充滿了不滿、沮喪和憤怒;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1920</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年德意志工人黨改名為德意志民族社會主義工人黨,即後來的納粹黨。德國的人民在屈辱中一方面希望逃離這個叫人窒息的地方,另一方面又希望有一個偉大的新領導者帶領他們。法國人創造了一個名為「卡拉加利主義</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Caligarisme)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」的詞,基本上反映了戰敗德國的心理狀態,恐懼、逃避。這些都是德國表現主義電影比較偏向灰暗的原因。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtgyOiEgXZsaaF567jK26LATJgXa8wp_0FddnFdmrMt1QEtsbMxxw4_Hoj6hun4chKSRzeIUBmwNLwroN1HjcasmNOpHdreiCVH8E-4j0n91rKSsoAxOGE6VHQi4gibl-Mc94I_joWVmA/s1600/metropolis-metropolis-08-08-1984-10-01-1927-5-g.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtgyOiEgXZsaaF567jK26LATJgXa8wp_0FddnFdmrMt1QEtsbMxxw4_Hoj6hun4chKSRzeIUBmwNLwroN1HjcasmNOpHdreiCVH8E-4j0n91rKSsoAxOGE6VHQi4gibl-Mc94I_joWVmA/s320/metropolis-metropolis-08-08-1984-10-01-1927-5-g.jpg" height="250" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1924</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,德國進入經濟相對較穩定的時期,直到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1929</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">世界經濟大蕭條。趁著這個機會,美國荷里活進攻德國電影,他們的計劃甚至包括購買德國電影院。德國政府為了挽救德國電影,規定電影公司每發行一片非德國影片就必須另外制作一部德語片,這種德國影片被稱為「配額影片」。某程度上,這挽救了德國電影,但沒有挽救德國平民的逃避主義心態。其中一個原因是,歐洲各國對德國仍心有餘悸,導致德國始終抬不起頭來,恐懼和逃避的意識仍然紮根於民眾的心底。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1927</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的《大都會》正反映當時歐洲各國對德國的警戒,他們把《大都會》的成功視為德國恢復國力的象徵。這種對德國的警戒間接地使德國人更想反抗,德國人在二戰前都在逃避和反抗的搖擺前搖來搖去。</span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_Q2SMNNnhpAgh4YkNCp3BHjFYA5Gw0tWRsiCPTpF-FYgp3KhT7qcehpzA7twWlpul1toAPCqVD1FerkNIc5WIVUYl1KggdqisNv2lKq40Gh0v80eGuHyotAB0Ttjnza5DkxzzOp_zCe8/s1600/nosferatu.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_Q2SMNNnhpAgh4YkNCp3BHjFYA5Gw0tWRsiCPTpF-FYgp3KhT7qcehpzA7twWlpul1toAPCqVD1FerkNIc5WIVUYl1KggdqisNv2lKq40Gh0v80eGuHyotAB0Ttjnza5DkxzzOp_zCe8/s1600/nosferatu.jpg" height="204" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">德國表現主義電影有三位導演是必須留意的:表演主義大師弗利茲朗</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Fritz
Lang) </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">出名的作品有《尼伯龍根之指環》、《大都會》、《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">M</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》,《大都會》是德國表現主義最高傑作,而《尼伯龍根之指環》則是弗利茲朗改編德國民間史詩;移動攝影大師茂瑙</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(F.
W. Murnau)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,最出名的作品有《吸血鬼》、《最卑賤的人》、《日出》,當年《吸血鬼》為恐怖片下了新的定義,是在茂瑙的作品中必看之作,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">2000</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年電影《我和殭屍有份合約</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Shadow
of the vampire)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》就是給《吸血鬼》開了一個玩笑,說當年片中的吸血鬼其實是真的吸血鬼;嚴肅的喜劇大師劉別謙</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Ernst
Lubitsch) </span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">最出名的作品有《杜巴里夫人》、《詛咒之眼》。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">日耳曼民族是天生的戰士,古代日耳曼民族崇尚武力而且好戰,戰敗的經濟沒有改變他們的本性,而沒有人能夠壓迫一隻為正在掙扎求存的老虎。所以,希特勒誕生了。德國表現主義的沒落源於希特拉的崛起,當德國的國力回復,希特拉視表現主義為懦夫的藝術,從此表現主義便消失。但是,它對電影史的影響力還是非常大的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">至</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">30</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年代很多德國的導演飄洋過海到荷里活工作,包括佛利茲朗和茂瑙。後來的美國黑色電影,也能看出受到德國表現主義電影的影響。</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-18787028682312566802013-06-29T19:29:00.000+08:002013-06-29T19:29:33.144+08:00Blow up 放大 / 1966 / 意大利 / 英國 / 美國 / 導演:米開朗基羅Michelangelo Antonioni<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 一九四零年到一九五零年,意大利經歷了一次經濟的復蘇,意大利稱之為「經濟奇跡」,國內生產總值增長了一倍多。可是,經濟的復蘇並不持久,中產階級在五十年代還沒有成為平民的敵人,直至六十年代經濟開始下滑,他們變了被憎恨的對象。歷史總會重覆發生相同的事,下層社會的人在動蕩的時代會仇視上層社會,罷工、佔領和遊行遍佈全國,恐怖主義隨之而來。中產階級人人自危,於是他們向法西斯主義者尋求保護。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1969</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年法西斯分子在米蘭的豐塔納廣場放置炸彈;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1970</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年離婚合法化,挑戰了梵蒂岡。那是一個混亂的時代,也充滿階級矛盾。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">此電影拍攝於</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1966</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,米開朗基羅是意大利導演,《放大》理所當然呈現了當時社會的意識。主角戴維是中產階級的一員,職業是專業攝影師,奓華、放蕩不羈、暴君,都是恰當的形容詞。影片甫開始集中描述他。他回到家,導演先從他對員工的態度呈現他冰冷、自我為中心的性格;他坐在沙發的姿勢就像一個獨裁者;他拍攝的時候喜歡說:「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Good</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」、「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">I like it</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」、「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Great</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」到了異常的地步,像做愛很爽的樣子。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyChyckM2Rpw0JY1FghaRttl_tlVIG145x84bejLNVHEJLe-LgjVjWWiSdbzXJjBYbM8w2C3_7wJigJmeTSUqohtLumwfSBZ1obrAvqxYJJoYaZKLIoJXnCv2Xco8o74j-45m9sRuA4xs/s1024/2Blow-Up.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyChyckM2Rpw0JY1FghaRttl_tlVIG145x84bejLNVHEJLe-LgjVjWWiSdbzXJjBYbM8w2C3_7wJigJmeTSUqohtLumwfSBZ1obrAvqxYJJoYaZKLIoJXnCv2Xco8o74j-45m9sRuA4xs/s1024/2Blow-Up.jpg" height="300" width="400" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影前段都是在拍攝女模特兒為他工作。主角的相機象徵他看世界的觀點,女性在他的鏡頭下做出各種性感誘人的動作。透過五顏六色的衣著和透明膠版,他尋求他心底理想的美,這種執著使他對模特兒的態度近乎暴君。他對女模特兒的不滿引發他的憤怒:「妳們能跟我合作是妳們的榮幸。」他偷拍別人後又對被偷拍者說:「你不知道有很多女孩子希望我給她們拍照。」目中無人暗示了無恥的中產階級。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他一邊喝紅酒,一邊狼吻模特兒,配樂是一段爵士樂,呈現了中產階級對「美學」和「自我」的執著。後來劇情說到戴維拍攝了一輯平民的相片,當他說到希望賺更多錢,從此遠離那些模特兒婊子,得到自由,另一人指向一張平民照暗諷他:「像他般自由?」影片中還有很多地方描繪他荒謬的一面,如其中一幕,電話響起,起初他故作鎮定,不急著接聽,但一會後即飛撲到地下,電話就在沙發底下。他的完美主義態度暗示了法西斯主義特質,是對現實的影射。片名</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Blow up</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">改得貼題,聚焦了戴維每個荒誕的部位。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">除了描述中產階級,導演亦描述了一班無政府主義的人,他們在影片起初便出現,臉上塗白粉,裝束似小丑,在車上咆哮。接著的鏡頭,色彩沉重起來,是中產階級井井有條的人龍,形成了強烈的對比。無政府主義者阻礙中產階級的車輛前進,玩弄修女和土兵,是對中產階級、梵蒂岡和政府的藐視。他們向主角討錢,也反映了他們對現實貧富懸殊的不滿,中段雜貨商對戴維的態度也看出他們對中產階級的鄙視。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影的開頭都是在如此的氣氛渡過,但以上都是影片的調味料,主菜則是存在主義的論述。故事的高潮始於戴維偷拍一位女士後,女士執著要取回底片,行為之激烈包括咬緊戴維的手、跟縱甚至犠性色相。戴維感奇怪,對相片進行研究,無意中發現了一宗疑似謀殺案。玩味的是,他從照片裏發現的謀殺案,其實沒有明顯的証據,更多是靠直覺判斷,但影片則強調他用的是推理的方法,如對比每幅相片的相關之處。後段他重回公園發現屍體,肯定謀殺案的存在。無奈的是,戴維到最後甚麼線索也找不到,也明白公園的屍體並不能証實謀殺案的存在。他沮喪地回到原先的公園,又遇到了影片開場的那群無政府主義者。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影的解讀可從三個提示著手,一是著名的解讀照片場景。戴維審視無數照片,一橫排的貼在牆壁上,以鉛筆記下值得注意的地方,仔細推敲,並嘗試從中尋找邏輯關係。這段劇情質疑了人類邏輯思維的可信性。從哲學觀點來看,語言是人類理解世界的工具,而語言是一件邏輯的工具,它有它的文法和詞彙。從最初戴維在相片與相片之間尋找線索到最後一無所獲,影片傳遞了邏輯對人的誤導的意思。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">第二個提示是無政府主義的人群。電影開頭的無政府主義者到了片尾再次出現,在網球場上模擬著打網球──他們手上沒有網球拍也沒有網球。其實在影片之初,戴維亦有經過同樣的網球場,當時也有人在打網球,且是真實的網球。前後的對比,象徵了事情的不實在,暗示了戴維對事件偵查的徒勞,也暗示了邏輯推論出來的事實是如此虛無。當無政府主義者要求戴維幫忙拾取不存在的網球時,戴維一臉無奈的跟著做,像電影裏分析照片一幕,一切都是徒勞。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">最後一個提示是戴維的朋友。他是一個抽象派畫家,完成了一幅畫,對主角說:「當初我在創造時根本不算甚麼,只是一團糟,後來我找到可以堅持下去的原因,就是那雙腳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">……</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">就像是看偵探小說時找到線索。」說的時候,他指向畫中其中一部分。後來主角拍攝的照片,跟畫作一樣都有一種抽象的感覺,甚至女模特兒也對他說:「你的照片跟那幅畫很像。」相機的科學的產物,相片是相機的經過科學處理而生的物件,象徵了邏輯,而抽象畫是個人思想的碎片,零散且沒有邏輯可言。影片強調了兩者的相同,暗示了靠邏輯沒有辨法理解真實。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">難道此影片是挑戰人類的邏輯嗎?細心回想,影片的厲害之處其實在於他從某些細節位解構了人類思維的另一面,如戴維買了一個巨型螺旋槳,女主角問他為甚麼買。他說:「沒有用,但覺得很美。」說到美,不得不說影片起初戴維為女模特兒拍攝的場景。因此,影片強調了不論人從理性還是感性的角度觀察事物,都沒法感知客體的真相,從而否定了絕對客觀的存在,一切都是主觀的,而主觀的東西沒有真實可言。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片有一種過於執著自我後的無奈。電影到最後也沒有解釋為甚麼女人執著要取回底片,也沒有解釋是否真的有謀殺案</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">。</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影的開頭是一塊草地,最後一幕回到草地,是戴維偷拍女主角一幕的對比──一切都消失了顯得甚麼都不重要。綠色象徵了大自然的本質,其實也暗示了宇宙、世界的本質。此電影的鏡頭很靜,配樂也不算多,有一種冷眼旁觀的感覺,尤其是戴維去公園偷拍一幕,只有樹葉搖擺的聲音。導演就像上帝一樣,觀察了整場荒誕劇,讓我想起了米蘭昆德拉的名言:「人類一思考,上帝就發笑。」</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-17135659825987635432013-05-18T22:28:00.000+08:002013-05-18T22:31:54.342+08:00The hobbit: An unexpected journey 哈比人不思義之旅 / 2012 / 英國 / 美國 / 新西蘭 / 導演:彼得積遜Peter Jackson<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> 2003</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,魔戒系列成為電影神話。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">9</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年之後,彼德積遜再次操刀,根據資料,起初電影是由墨西哥名導吉爾摩德托羅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Guillermo Del Toro)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">執導,彼德積遜當執行制片人,直到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2010</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年他才退出由彼得積遜親自出馬。</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">吉爾摩德托羅著名的作品有《魔鬼銀爪》、《地獄小子》、《魔間迷宮》,如果電影由吉爾摩德托羅執導,中土大概會變得黑暗邪氣。魔戒系列在托爾金的文筆下,更像一本睡前故事書,尤其是《哈比人的歷險》。民歌式歌唱、猜謎遊戲、打倒惡龍、冒險、尋寶地圖、嘻嘻哈哈的氣氛,像是中世紀騎士文學的童話版本,友情和同伴之間的信賴比打倒魔王更重要。十年前,彼德積遜的魔戒三部曲基本上能保留這種風格,但《哈比人》卻不是這樣一回事,它把「像史詩的童話」拍成了「像童話的史詩」。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5qf4MY3vhmdIaLEx2qp_F-1prVWaj2PGkP6OwBsPqJdPIjy3pd_CWV7I7NHhMJRQmFfpl0xx39oAmxGnj76CJNN5REYsm6RHLPv-rS-2_B7OC3d5AgyAYyNG4YvwkpTGXAo_eyEjEe8g/s1600/the_hobbit_2012_movie-HD.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh5qf4MY3vhmdIaLEx2qp_F-1prVWaj2PGkP6OwBsPqJdPIjy3pd_CWV7I7NHhMJRQmFfpl0xx39oAmxGnj76CJNN5REYsm6RHLPv-rS-2_B7OC3d5AgyAYyNG4YvwkpTGXAo_eyEjEe8g/s1600/the_hobbit_2012_movie-HD.jpg" height="225" width="400" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這到底是製片商的商業考慮還是彼得積遜的愛好真的很難說。「像史詩的童話」,重點刻畫的是人性純真的部分,並用史詩襯托純真的可貴;「像童話的史詩」,描述的是史詩的故事,以純真作包裝。《哈比人》是「像童話的史詩」,因主線偏移了。回想魔戒三部曲,大量的戰爭場面並沒有喧賓奪主,遺忘描寫佛羅多和山姆的友情,故事的焦點一直是他們兩人,可是在《哈比人》,橡木盾更像是主角。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">荷里活式開頭,巨龍史矛格破壞矮人城,矮人復國才是《哈比人》的主線。劇情一直圍繞橡木盾轉,比爾博變成了打醬油的角色。觀眾覺得他是打雜的,橡木盾也覺得他是打雜的,多次救他到不耐煩。甘道夫說過比爾博能帶給他勇氣,不過故事沒有特別描寫這種關係,只用了老套的分式表達,如果這關係只用語言輕輕帶過,感情只會流於表面。參考《魔界首部曲》片尾,山姆不懂游水,但為了追隨佛羅多而走進水裏,這種友情的表現在《哈比人》其實很少。片尾比爾博救橡木盾,不是基於友情,更多是受到熱血驅使。失去了友情的描寫,魔戒系列的基調已走了樣。唯一沒變的是,《哈比人》仍是合家歡的電影,如哥布林王被甘道夫切腹卻沒有流血,對白還是帶點幽默。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">可是,《哈比人》最致命的問題卻不是以上所說的。細心的觀眾,倘若對《魔戒首部曲》的劇情有印象,會發現《哈比人》和《魔戒首部曲》的劇情幾乎一模一樣,連細節都相差無幾。先看《哈比人》的劇情:白面半獸人打倒矮人軍隊,卻不小心被橡木盾砍去左臂;探險隊從夏爾走到瑞文戴爾,並在瑞文戴爾商討策略;入地底,在一道橋上與巨大敵人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">哥布林王</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對峙;出地底,遇半獸人襲擊;結尾隱約見到孤山。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">現在對比《魔界首部曲》的劇情:索倫打倒人類精靈聯軍,卻不小心被人王埃西澤砍去右手;探險隊從夏爾走到瑞文戴爾,在瑞文戴爾商討策略;入地底,在一道橋上與巨大敵人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">炎魔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">對峙;出地底,遇半獸人襲擊;結尾隱約見到魔多。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">劇本毫無誠意可言,只是商業流水線式下的產物。荷里活近幾年的創意乾涸,只懂史詩化童話,卻沒有在劇情描述上下功夫,不能不說是被</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3D</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">技術和金錢至上的思維迷惑。《哈比人》受到「童話史詩化」的影響,變成炒冷飯的作品,不可謂不悲哀。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">另一個問題是,《哈比人》在製造緊張感方面遠遠不及《魔戒首部曲》,它的衝突和高潮都依靠特技和打鬥凝造,少了運用劇情上的衝突製造緊張感。在《魔戒首部曲》,彼德積遜在頭一小時用了以下幾條線凝造緊張感:魔戒的發現、比爾博的旅行計劃、魔戒對甘道夫的誘惑、白袍巫師的背叛、佛羅多不清楚自己的去向。對比《哈比人》,頭三十分鐘都是矮人的胡鬧,第三十分鐘到四十分鐘才開始講述冒險的來龍去脈,但彼得積遜還是拍得很歡樂,這當然歸咎於比爾博滑稽的演繹。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">據說</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1995</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年彼得積遜已經想拍攝《哈比人》,最初的構想是小說《哈比人歷險記》為三部曲的第一部,《魔戒》為三部曲的第二、三部,現在拖到六集的長度,真不免叫人擔心劇情的發展。依這個情況來看,哈比人三部曲能否達到魔戒三部曲的藝術高度仍有待觀察。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">構圖方面,《哈比人》的畫面對比起魔戒系列明顯較精緻,看得出設計者在場景細節上的用心,如矮人城,半獸人洞。《哈比人》其中一個特點是運用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">48</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">幀拍攝,在細節表現上是否有比同類電影強,我覺得差別不遠。為了突顯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3D</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">效果,此電影俯瞰和全景的境頭明顯增多,高空鏡頭快速移動是《哈比人》常用的伎倆,這種技巧從史矛革襲城到半獸人洞一直沒變。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">整體來說,《哈比人》的拍攝手法與魔戒三部曲有點不同,為方便方析,我們先從影片對夏爾的描繪著手。《魔戒首部曲》第一個夏爾鏡頭是佛羅多坐在樹蔭下閱讀的中鏡,《哈比人》則是與地面平行的遠鏡。從鏡頭來看,《哈比人》在拍攝期間明顯有「從史詩角度出發」的思維。如果說《魔戒首部曲》的夏爾是由各個部份組合而成的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">如小孩子渴望甘道夫放煙花、夏爾的冤氣夫婦、比爾博的生日會等</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,《哈比人》則更多從大角度描寫夏爾。個人認為《魔戒首部曲》更能突顯夏爾的與世隔絕,但作為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3D</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影,遠鏡似乎更為重要。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《魔戒》系列光和暗的對比一直都很強,強調了正邪的對立。《魔界首部曲》最印象深刻的必是在魔瑞亞礦坑裏,探險隊被半獸人包圍,甘道夫的魔杖發出強光,像黑暗裏的燈塔照亮礦坑。其他的例子還有開場索倫的死亡,這樣的場面在《哈比人》不是沒有,但比較少,印象中只有甘道夫兩次用光殺巨魔和半獸人比較突出。史矛革作為電影最大的敵人,也沒有用黑色襯托,更多的是金色和紅色,也許《哈比人》的最大敵人不是史矛革。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">動作設計方面,除了在半獸人洞的打鬥之外都比較單調,一開始史矛革的攻擊、矮人大戰三巨魔、巨石像扭打都是單純的胡亂肉搏,尾段大戰白面半獸人得到巨鷹協助,是魔戒三部曲常用的橋段,新鮮感大減。饒有趣味的是在半獸人洞,其中一位矮人的打鬥有東方的味道──矮人站在中央,手持鐵棍施轉。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">總括而言,魔戒作為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3D</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">動作冒險商業片只是合格而已,現在最擔心的,是彼得積遜如何發展《哈比人二》和《哈比人三》。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Lorraine</span><br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-47241293031457904672013-04-28T18:06:00.001+08:002013-04-28T18:06:51.053+08:00電影史話第三話(1908-1927)──古典荷里活<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 愛迪生發明電影時,並沒有當它為世界第八藝術,直到後來發現電影的商機時,才驚覺忽視了面前的金蛋。不得不說的是,早期幫助發展電影藝術的人很少把電影當作藝術,更多的是把它們當作商品。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1908</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,愛迪生公司與放映機公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Biograpgh)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">合組公司,成立了電影專利公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Motion
Picture Patents Company, MPPC)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。它們壟斷了電影的專利權,以授權其他公司拍電影的方式從中獲利,也嘗試操控膠片的生產和儲存。那段時期,無數的獨立電影公司成立,對</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">MPPC</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">不屑一顧,不理會版權的問題發行電影;它們也嘗試發明自己的放映機,企圖擺脫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">MPPC</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的壟斷。後來,獨立公司數量太多,情況非</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">MPPC</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">所能控制,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1917</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,法庭裁定了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">MPPC</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的壟斷行為,獨立公司獲得了勝利,遍地開花。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBZoQ-BxdEm3rHlpv_vaBVClqoTe82YW5PydOvV6EtGD7vLAUR4J23VE1B4YbLKFIsSBnmVYItpxdYvKtq-QWNMAOkrzMsGXsgJUXzPK1Y-J9zlXf-psAjzfYOmPq2Z5urYF4Jo6bN8pc/s1600/2092636_600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBZoQ-BxdEm3rHlpv_vaBVClqoTe82YW5PydOvV6EtGD7vLAUR4J23VE1B4YbLKFIsSBnmVYItpxdYvKtq-QWNMAOkrzMsGXsgJUXzPK1Y-J9zlXf-psAjzfYOmPq2Z5urYF4Jo6bN8pc/s1600/2092636_600.jpg" height="257" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1910-1920</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">期間,很多獨立電影公司搬到荷里活,因為當地風景優美,非常適合拍攝電影,相對其他地方,在荷里活拍電影需要投資的金錢相對較少,現在大部分街知巷聞的電影大厰都是當時成立的,如派拉蒙</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Paramount)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,米高梅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(MGM)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,霍士</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Fox)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,華納</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Warner
Bros)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,環球</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Universal</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">)等</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。古典荷里活就在此基礎上發展,它主要有四個特點:一</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">‧</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">流水線式作業;二</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">‧</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">荷里活經典敍事、三</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">‧</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">明星制度、四</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 新細明體;">‧</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">類型電影。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">就如電影史話第二話裏所說,敍事電影在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1903-1915</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">開始發展,古典荷里活在此期間發展出一種叫「連續性剪接</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Continuity
Editing)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">」的技巧,重點是在敍事過程中隱藏剪接的痕跡。在電影發展早期,電影大部分都是一個鏡頭,後來才漸漸發展出多鏡頭。連續性剪接希望觀眾在欣賞故事途中不被奇怪的剪接位打擾,從而創造一個更真實的故事。這個理念到了二十一世紀還在荷里活流行著。這種拍攝手法尤其適合商業電影</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">商業電影的受眾通常只想放鬆心情看電影,不想有人不停告訴他電影是虛假的,觀眾亦能借機會逃避現實世界。連續性剪接從敍事的角度看可以說是「隱性敍事」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">則不要讓受眾感受到敍事方式,把注意力放重在敍事內容上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">明星制度和類型電影則與流水線式作業有相當的關係。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1896</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,亨利福特</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Henry
Ford)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">製造了第一輪汽車,從此流水線式作業成為資本主義社會的代表物之一。福特汽車那種驚人的分工作業也被荷里活吸納過來。這解釋了為甚麼類型電影和明星制度的誕生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">把電影的各部份分門別類,方便於量產。此外,各大電影商的老板大部分都是來至東歐和沙俄的猶太裔移民,猶太人最厲害的才能就是商業買賣。二十一世紀的今天,當人們看一部電影,會把一部電影的成就歸於導演,但在古典荷里活時期,製作人才是一齣電影最有話事權的人,導演只是為類型電影服務。這種流水線式的製作難免使電影與個人藝術愈來愈遠。如果細看早期的電影製片商和明星,會發覺很容易用一兩句話就能表達出該片商或明星的特色,如環球專拍恐怖片、華納專拍警匪片;希治閣擅長拍恐怖片、差利卓別靈是笑匠、</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">John
Wanye</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">是硬漢。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">那時候的電影,像超級市場陳列的貨品一樣,你去到麵食部就能買到麵食,去到飲料部就能買到汽水;麵食部又分出前一丁和福字麵,你絕對會找到你需要的東西。所以,當你看到廣告牌寫著差利卓別靈,那一定不是西部片。有人曾說過電影不是藝術,因為它不是個人的創作。這段文字是否正確見人見智,但在強大的流水線式作業下導演們必定對此深同感受;筆者不想在此討論羅蘭巴特的「作者已死」論,不過巴特有句話挺適合反思古典荷里活。他說大眾文化是一部呈現慾望的機器,它告訴你,這就是你最需要、最愛的東西,並強迫觀眾認同那就是他們潛意識。這句話即使到了現今還是很有啓發性。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">明星制度的誕生有一段頗有趣的故事,話說美國獨立公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(IMP)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的老板卡爾洛美爾要想辨法抵抗愛迪生公司的壓迫,使計散佈公司旗下一名女星意外死亡的消息,後卻稱是競爭對手捏造的訊息,為澄清事情的真相,受害女明星將會在中央車站露面解釋事件。當女星在公眾地方露面,群眾就熱情起來。就是因此起事件,明星制度正式誕生。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">類型電影方面,大致可分為西部片、歌舞片、喜劇片、警匪片、恐怖片、浪漫片、戰爭片、史詩片,因為流水線式作業,每種類型都有自己一套說故事的方法,不論在人設或故事轉折甚至大結局都需要依從規矩製作人才會首肯。荷里活的電影在本地或外地都有相當的票房,但也不乏抵抗荷里活模式的電影人,這些電影人包括從世界各地而來的導演和演員,如德國的劉別謙</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;">Ernst Lubitsch)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">、法國的雷內克萊爾</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;">René Clair)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和俄國的鮑里斯巴內特</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN;">Boris Barnet)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVz3g8zf5FiGHZa7OVUJMF8IV6fkTgDSbQNVbjDGOXMDbn80_k9skHiqfkggNsVb6K9oWfWvLdcUyCgrSdVNEWdzAvm_nK8gNw0z_-CBZljAuxCBf1w00viQsg4r23uHXvWvso_wLRUCQ/s1600/MGM.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVz3g8zf5FiGHZa7OVUJMF8IV6fkTgDSbQNVbjDGOXMDbn80_k9skHiqfkggNsVb6K9oWfWvLdcUyCgrSdVNEWdzAvm_nK8gNw0z_-CBZljAuxCBf1w00viQsg4r23uHXvWvso_wLRUCQ/s1600/MGM.png" height="238" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">儘管</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1917</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年法庭裁定了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">MPPC</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的壟斷行為,但獨立片商很快又遇到另一難題。從電影的業務架構來看,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1905</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年的五分錢電影院</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Nickelodeon)──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">名字源於票價</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">基本上是由小店舖改裝而成,當時電影院還沒有很普遍,直到《火車大劫案</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> / <span style="color: #333333;">the great train robbery (1903)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》上映,使許多舞台劇的劇院逐漸改裝成電影院,舞台劇和電影在電影誕生早期還互相影響,但歷史還是淘汰了舞台劇,電影成為了更流行的娛樂方式。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這種情況一直演進到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">20</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年代,大規模的電影院建造才正式開始。後來,電影業界形成了一種叫垂直控制</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Vertical
control)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的模式。各大電影商的老闆,知道單憑製作好電影不能壟斷市場,更好的方法是掌控銀幕控制權,於是,電影大公司透過銀行界和商業界的匯資踏足電影院業務。在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1948</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年聯邦法院立法前,垂直控制被視為合法,當時有三大巨頭完全襲斷了影院</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">派拉蒙、第一國家電影公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(First
National)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和洛夫公司,獨立電影商叫苦連天。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1927</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,古典荷里活時代結束,進入荷里活全盛時期,皆因《爵士歌手</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"> / The
jazz singer (1927)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》的到來,它,就是第一齣有聲電影。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-43193389607435618952013-04-11T18:07:00.001+08:002013-04-11T23:56:35.415+08:00電影史話第二話(1903-1915)──敍事手法的成熟<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-size: small;"> </span>二十世紀初,敍事形式開始成為主要的電影類型,直到現代還是主流商業片最受歡迎的片種。十九世紀未的電影,敍事原素較為欠缺,新鮮感過後難以吸引觀眾購票入場。人們的厭倦促使片商尋求新的拍攝手法,並發展出早期的電影敍事手法。無可否認,敍事電影</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Narrative film)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">挽救了電影工業,也証實了「說故事」是人類沒法抵抗的藝術形式。對早期敍事電影作重大貢獻的,有兩位美國導演:埃德溫‧波特</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Edwin S porter</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和格里菲斯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">David Wark Griffith</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《火車大劫案</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / the great train robbery</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》是波特於</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1903</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的電影,名氣非常大,但影史學家認為他的《一個美國消防隊員的生活</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / A life time of an American fireman</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(1903)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">更具歷史價值。和現今的導演不同,波特從沒有受過藝術訓練,也沒有藝術觸覺。他不是梅里愛般的幻想家,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">20</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">歲的時候還在營銷公司工作,十多年後進入電影界,如其說是興趣,倒不如說是看好其發展潛力。《一個美國消防隊員的生活》描述了消防員一次救火的過程,儘管影片中大部分鏡頭還是不動的,但他分別從火場外和火場內拍攝,在當時是非常創新,被認為是第一齣運用「交錯剪接」的電影,超前了梅里愛平鋪直述式的手法。此影片的片長只有六分鐘,但長短並沒有影響它在影史的價值。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">後來波特的《火車大劫案》延伸了《一個美國消防隊員的生活》的技巧,有人甚至認為《火車大劫案》是美國西部片的原型。此影片有十三個場景,波特用交錯剪接手法交替畫面,凝造了緊張感。片尾開槍一幕最為經典:黑色的背景下槍手對著粗觀眾方向開槍,對比起之前的外景,此內景形成的張力十足。波特因這兩齣電影成名,但他沒有意識到自己創造的電影語言,後來的作品也沒有再革新,漸漸被人遺忘,在美國大蕭條時期破產,對電影再也沒有任何貢獻。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1903</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1915</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年期間,拍攝技巧基本沿著波特的成就發展,交替剪接發明了後各種特別的拍攝手法也層出不窮,也開創了很多影史的「第一」。如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1906</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年澳洲導演的《凱利幫的真實事件》為歷史第一齣長片;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1908</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年美國電影《猶太小孩》拍攝了電影史上第一個倒敍鏡頭;英國導演的《義犬救主記》運用了低角度鏡頭;法國的《伊莉莎白女王》為歷史上第一長片;但真正能為電影敍事語言加上新靈魂的,就是美國導演格里菲斯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">David Wark Griffith</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。他在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1915</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年上映的《一個國家的誕生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / A birth of a Nation</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,為電影語言的發展邁進了一大步。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl6G1x6VdzPRbj_oXiPZ_JbEmBgoFFhnNkRZzP1DWN9brE_0cZmPSUB2S4zOHjEeD2l04hTYp-T8J7rbPFcAHbXS9_izvFR0EBhDKOPwg_eDhSu9jSuyazCFMdINZErj90UfY_FY6wu-c/s1600/train.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl6G1x6VdzPRbj_oXiPZ_JbEmBgoFFhnNkRZzP1DWN9brE_0cZmPSUB2S4zOHjEeD2l04hTYp-T8J7rbPFcAHbXS9_izvFR0EBhDKOPwg_eDhSu9jSuyazCFMdINZErj90UfY_FY6wu-c/s1600/train.jpg" height="256" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">法國新浪潮大導尚盧高達</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Jean Luc Godard</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">曾說,後來所有電影語言的發展基本上都能在格里菲斯的作品找到出處,足以証明格里菲斯對電影的貢獻。格里菲斯原本想使成一名劇作家,事業失利後開始當電影編劇,直到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1908</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年才導演了第一齣電影《多莉歷險記</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / The adventures of Dollie</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(1908)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,後拍攝《殘花淚</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / Broken blossoms</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》和《痴情的蘇茜</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / Ture heart susie</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》開始為人熟悉,但使他名留青史的,就是《一個國家的誕生》。</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《一個國家的誕生》是影史上第一部史詩電影,故事分兩個階段,第一階段描繪兩個家庭從美國南北戰爭開戰到結束的故事,第二階段描繪</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3K</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">黨的成立,片長約三個小時。這齣電影在歷史爭議性很大,話題從史詩的拍攝到種族歧視都有。格里菲斯當時並沒有意識到影片的種族歧視成份,甚至在訪問中對記者的提問感驚訝。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3K</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">黨在歷史上是美國政府為清除黑人而組成的黑手黨,據說當年《一個國家的誕生》首映,一群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3K</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">黨的人在街頭熱烈歡呼。格里菲斯為了對抗民眾和評論家對種族歧視的批評,出版了一本名為《美國言論自由的興衰</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / The rise and fall of free speech in
America</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》的小册子。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxAeQU9w_t2oIvabaOHL8eSMmNN0Zm8hsGcB1bad-AI2uUa7CFbGRh5-uxoId2Hh_8WZ52nLWaxc_oOY31ku-3-Tg5ymHZ78Ymrtnzvw8RfrwhjpVkkbXCnE2HCRLYVYYP423XIUZoQOY/s1600/birth_of_a_nation_ver3_xlg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxAeQU9w_t2oIvabaOHL8eSMmNN0Zm8hsGcB1bad-AI2uUa7CFbGRh5-uxoId2Hh_8WZ52nLWaxc_oOY31ku-3-Tg5ymHZ78Ymrtnzvw8RfrwhjpVkkbXCnE2HCRLYVYYP423XIUZoQOY/s1600/birth_of_a_nation_ver3_xlg.jpg" height="400" width="260" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">轟動的話題、駭人的片長、史詩的氣勢,混合起來使這齣電影成為傳世經典,但我們在此先不理會電影裏文化的問題,究竟《一個國家的誕生》對影史實際產生甚麼效果,或有甚麼貢獻?首先,此作品後,交替剪接手法開始成熟,演員的表演也較沒那麼劇場化,開始著重細微的感情。格里菲斯喜用外景,觀眾不再覺得是在看劇場表演,從而使電影的真實感更強;其次,導演交替運用了遠鏡、中鏡和近鏡表達角色感情,為電影語言賦予了新的靈魂;第三,其作品製作成本約</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">11</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">萬美元,是當年耗資最多的電影,美國片商也第一次為電影編寫專用樂曲。它宏大的戰爭場面和數目驚人的資金,確立了荷里活大片的標準,從此荷里活的大片也遵循它的題材和手法。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">因為巨大的成功,格里菲斯對之後的作品《黨同伐異》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(1916)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">充滿信心,論野心比《一個國家的誕生》更大。它的故事從西元前波斯攻陷巴比倫,到基督的誕生與受難,到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1572</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年聖巴托羅繆慘案,最後到現代,以宏大的歷史襯托人類的感情,成本高達</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">190</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">萬美元,前所未有。格里菲斯用盡《一個國家的誕生》賺到的錢,搭起整個</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1:1</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">街景,不過後來票房的失利,觀眾對影片的長度和技巧無法接受。雖然評論家認為此電影的拍攝手法比《一個國家的誕生》成熟,但格里菲斯還是在評論家的掌聲之下破產。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">《一個美國消防隊員的生活》和《一個國家的誕生》對電影語言的貢獻,成就了美國古典荷里活時期。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1912</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年巴爾幹戰爭開始,保加利亞、塞爾維亞、希臘向土耳其宣戰;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1913</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年第二次巴爾幹戰爭爆發;</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1914</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,斐迪南夫婦遭暴徒殺死,奧匈帝國向塞爾維亞宣戰,第一次世界大戰爆發,歐洲陷入前所未有的混亂,電影業發展自然受阻。於是,在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1918</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年戰爭結束之前,美國已形成了獨特的美國傳統喜劇,古典荷里活時期正式開始。不過,很多人知道,美國有一種非常臭名遠播的東西──律師,而古典荷里活時期,也可以從愛迪生以違反專利控告其他電影公司開始。</span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-40521760816057602122013-04-07T19:04:00.000+08:002013-04-11T17:44:22.181+08:00電影史話第一話(1985)──電影的誕生<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> 愛迪生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Thomas A Edison)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,一位連小學生也認識的偉大發明家,很少人知道他除了發明燈泡外還發明過甚麼。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1893</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,愛迪生和他的助理狄克遜</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(W.K.L.Dickson)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">發明了西洋鏡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Kinetoscope)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,可以說是電影攝影機的源頭,當然它不像現代的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">DV</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">輕巧,而是非常笨重的機器。從</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1827</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年攝影技術出現到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1985</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年的西洋鏡,最初的攝錄機其實並非為電影服務,而更像是快速拍攝一連串畫面作研究。但從電影史的角度,電影真正誕生的年份是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1895</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,歸根究底,是因為愛迪生從來沒有想過把電影當作商業,或是沒有發現電影能帶給人夢想,反而只當作小玩意玩弄。當初愛迪生發明西洋鏡時,只希望配合他所發明的留聲機</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Phonograph)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">當娛樂,這也是早期有聲電影的概念。後來法國的盧米埃兄弟<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-language: ZH-TW; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">(Lumiere)</span>改進了愛迪生的發明,研發出活動電影機</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Cinematographe)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,同時具備攝影和放映的功能,且更輕巧,拍攝更為方便。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6r4w8_Haq3Z9QfUb82eR7-rsi9YIwZT_87G4yJqFlZhW5c5DGMZPvTCiqjVghd6b6gi-AaJOWB2PNFRWwQOKj4yc-LAAurkdlfmVCJ3LOf19ruvwpDhxKdRD7la7AWqq1492HoGB34jw/s1600/kinetoscope-2frg4rx.gif" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6r4w8_Haq3Z9QfUb82eR7-rsi9YIwZT_87G4yJqFlZhW5c5DGMZPvTCiqjVghd6b6gi-AaJOWB2PNFRWwQOKj4yc-LAAurkdlfmVCJ3LOf19ruvwpDhxKdRD7la7AWqq1492HoGB34jw/s1600/kinetoscope-2frg4rx.gif" height="320" width="197" /></a></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1895</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">12</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">28</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">日,盧米埃兄弟在巴黎大咖啡廳放映了歷史上第一場電影,正式宣告了電影的誕生,當天放映的電影,以《水淺園丁</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / The waterer watered</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》和《火車到站</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / Arrival of a train at La Ciotat</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》最為出名,《火車到站》可以當作紀錄片看,描述了歷時一分鐘火車到站的場面,而《水淺園丁》則有點像生活小趣劇。那天之後,盧米埃兄弟開始世界巡迴放映,俄羅斯、匈牙利、羅馬利亞、賽爾維爾、丹麥、加拿大、印度、捷克斯洛代克、烏拉圭、阿根廷、墨西哥、智利、危地馬拉、古巴、日本、泰國、菲律賓等,電影藝術落地開花。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在二十一世紀電影到了電子時代,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">CGI</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">3D</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">技術充斥於商業巨片,難以想像早期電影的簡陋。據資料,第一部電影拍攝於</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">19</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年代,更像是拍攝一齣舞台表演。敍事</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Narrative)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">電影在現今電影似是理所當然,但真正茁壯發展卻在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">20</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀初的荷里活。最早期的電影也不是投射在大銀幕,而是透過一個小孔觀看,直到盧米埃兄弟想到把影象投射出來。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigMircNIBTmKRbGY4vu96brKt-LsAgcLR5YRXP2mja4zAHxBQVp0f0eUmNsXUhSsmuBYn1g016_dxrgH0oFfhoVuB28MNndFV0WEENs5GGT9VDzvA_1ijTrjUaRRdQPny5C8Ri9a3e7_I/s1600/arrival-of-a-train.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigMircNIBTmKRbGY4vu96brKt-LsAgcLR5YRXP2mja4zAHxBQVp0f0eUmNsXUhSsmuBYn1g016_dxrgH0oFfhoVuB28MNndFV0WEENs5GGT9VDzvA_1ijTrjUaRRdQPny5C8Ri9a3e7_I/s1600/arrival-of-a-train.jpg" height="228" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">當時兩間最大的電影公司是愛迪生製造公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Edison Manufactyring Company)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">和盧米埃葉公司</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Lumiere Freres)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,他們的製作理念有點不同。愛迪生公司的作品比較藝術,集中紀錄舞台表演,它建造了影史上第一個攝影棚,名為</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Black Maria</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,演員都在攝影機前的舞台演出。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1896</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,愛迪生公司在紐約科斯特和拜亞爾音樂廳</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Koster and Bials Masic Hal)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">放映了第一齣商業電影;盧米埃則像現代的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Snapshot</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,走到街頭拍攝身邊的事物,以日常生活為主幹拍攝,影響了後來英國的布萊頓學派</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Brishton school)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。兩者之間的差別也許是受到攝影器材的影響,笨重的愛迪生攝影機更適合於影棚使用,而這亦是「現實主義」和「形式主義」在電影界爭論的開始。在電影語言真正誕生,鏡頭幾乎是固定的、視線水平的、長鏡頭的,即使去到早期德國表演主義派的電影也是如此,這也許是電影還未能跳脫出劇場藝術的框架,而拍攝內容多是生活中新奇有趣的事。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">19</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">90</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年代中期,人們開始對電影藝術進行實驗。英國布萊頓學派喬治‧艾伯特‧史密斯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">George Albert Smith</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1898</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年拍攝的《幽露之旅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"> / Phantom ride</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,由兩組鏡頭組成,打破了單一鏡頭的拍攝框架。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1899</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,學派另一成員羅伯特‧</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">W</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">‧保羅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(R.W.Paul)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">發明了首部移動式攝影車,後來直接運用到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1913</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年意大利電影《卡比利亞》。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9CiMHtK-EdBcJBdrTj-kyUrksGpB_k7PmZQ8rydlDUOW7Mh9WWTfwYRZH41tGw5GNqXDPBCaMlONMiG9Vlhx0uIvEwUeEqgdByqKY1QAP1ouCgeQ9G24vtzx-B86g3SSCez2EZ7YmXEY/s1600/CinematographeProjection1aaa.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9CiMHtK-EdBcJBdrTj-kyUrksGpB_k7PmZQ8rydlDUOW7Mh9WWTfwYRZH41tGw5GNqXDPBCaMlONMiG9Vlhx0uIvEwUeEqgdByqKY1QAP1ouCgeQ9G24vtzx-B86g3SSCez2EZ7YmXEY/s1600/CinematographeProjection1aaa.jpg" height="320" width="228" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影史早期對實驗電影最享負盛名的人,非梅里愛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Georges Melies)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">莫屬。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1985</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,他在巴黎大咖啡廳看過盧米埃兄弟的放映,深受感動,問盧米埃兄弟能否賣攝影器材給他,當時盧米埃兄弟拒絕了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1896</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,他從英國發明家</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Robert William Paul</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">買了一架放映機,自行改裝後像盧米埃兄弟般到街頭拍攝。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1897</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,他建造了自己的攝影棚。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">梅里愛可以說是最早期的先鋒派電影</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Avant-garde)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。在現代人的眼中,梅里愛賦予了電影魔幻的特色,從此電影和夢想幾乎劃上等號。梅里愛和很多當時的電影製作人不同,他是一間劇院的老闆,論藝術的修養比其他電影人強很多。他的劇院專門上演魔術表演和滑稽劇,而梅里愛本身就是一位魔術師。梅里愛說:「電影擁有超越現實和駕馭幻想的能力。」在一次拍攝過程中,因攝影機卡住了的關係,梅里愛發現了剪接的獨特能力,畫面中的馬車轉眼間變成了靈柩車,這許多無意間的發現他都有意地運用在他的電影作品裏,從此之後,敍事形式慢慢形成,電影亦從約早期幾</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">分鐘的長度伸延到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">10</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">15</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">分鐘。可是,梅里愛最大的貢獻不在於電影剪輯技巧,至少他沒有刻意去研究電影語言,而是著重如何創造夢幻。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGS_ROpaMfJw41usPY7bvBDtIcumB5L3rhBgyxqdi_uOuYysW9UI72jOIkvawVGD_x0vhciTYWOnruMgBTRavJwPGYWhAOClSgtWdmjAAaiHvD2qNz_Af3Mjw9lZ4x6oNM80ujOua4WUk/s1600/Voyage_dans_Lune.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGS_ROpaMfJw41usPY7bvBDtIcumB5L3rhBgyxqdi_uOuYysW9UI72jOIkvawVGD_x0vhciTYWOnruMgBTRavJwPGYWhAOClSgtWdmjAAaiHvD2qNz_Af3Mjw9lZ4x6oNM80ujOua4WUk/s1600/Voyage_dans_Lune.jpg" height="247" width="320" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1902</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,《月球奇遇記》誕生,史無前例地運用了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">30</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">個獨立場景,主要的特效都是透過舞台裝置製造,如活板門和滑輪裝置。梅里愛提倡的「人為地設計場景」可以說是他身為劇場老闆理所當然的想法,但無可否認的在《月球奇遇記》這想法得到淋漓盡致的表現。英國布萊頓學派一直反對梅里愛「銀幕即舞台」的論述,他們也會實驗特技電影,但還是而現實主義為依歸,本質上很像盧米埃兄弟。早期電影與舞台劇相似是無可厚非的,當時攝影機還是作為「觀察者」存在,真正的電影語言直到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">20</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀初才開始發展。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">由此可見劇情片、實驗電影和紀錄片這三種電影在早期就已經出現了,但它們仍然處於萌芽階段。早期的電影還沒有版權概念,為電影的流傳速度加速。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1900</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,巴黎世界博覧會是一場盛大的電影放映會,會場上有一幅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">82</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">英尺</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">X49</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">英尺的大銀幕,專播放盧米埃兄弟的電影。當時每個人都陶醉在幻想之中,還沒有對這新興的藝術厭倦。從法國盧米埃兄弟開始,電影的發展後來基本離不開美國,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1903</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,美國導演埃德溫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Edwin S porter</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《一個美國消防隊員的生活》和格里菲斯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">David Wark Griffith</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的《一個國家的誕生》為敍事電影揭開了新一幕。</span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-64157796459015294962013-03-26T18:59:00.001+08:002013-03-26T19:07:46.865+08:00淺談 Dogme 95Dogme 95 電影製作運動是由丹麥導演 Lars von Trier 和 Thomas Vinterberg於1995年發起,他們認為電影在1960年代已經死亡,電影為了迎合主流觀眾及消費者而漸趨刻意及商業化。他們主張電影回歸原始的純粹性,而非著重於技術層面︰沒有刻意製造的人工痕迹讓觀眾更加關心故事本身的情節發展及演員的演繹方式。<br />
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後來另外兩位同樣來自丹麥的導演 Soren Kragh-Jacobsen及 Kristian Levring加入,幾位丹麥導演共同簽署了 Dogme 95中的「純潔宣言 (The Vow of Chastity)」。目標是拒絕使用昂貴且壯觀的特殊效果及後期製作,讓電影創作回歸純粹化。為了進一步實現這個目標,von Trier及 Vinterberg在「純潔宣言」提出了十項規範 Dogme 95電影格式的準則︰<br />
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<i><br />1. Shooting must be done on location. Props and sets must not be brought in (if a particular prop is necessary for the story, a location must be chosen where this prop is to be found). </i><br />
<i>影片拍攝必須在場景現場完成,不得另做道具或人工場景。如該道具有必要在片中出現,就必須選擇能夠找到此道具的拍攝地點<br /><br />2. The sound must never be produced apart from the images or vice versa. (Music must not be used unless it occurs where the scene is being shot). </i><br />
<i>聲音不得和影像分開製作,不能使用遊離畫面以外的配樂或音響效果,除非配樂已經於拍攝現場出現。<br /><br /><br />3. The camera must be hand-held. Any movement or immobility attainable in the hand is permitted. (The film must not take place where the camera is standing; shooting must take place where the film takes place). <br />必須用手提攝影機拍片,不得使用固定式攝影機,即使畫面出現任何程度的晃動或者手持所能達到的穩定程度都是被允許的。<br /><br />4. The film must be in colour. Special lighting is not acceptable. (If there is too little light for exposure the scene must be cut or a single lamp be attached to the camera). <br />電影必須以彩色拍攝,不得使用特殊燈光效果。光線過暗至不足以曝光的場景必需砍掉或者只使用附加到攝像機上的單一光源。<br /><br />5. Optical work and filters are forbidden. </i><br />
<i>禁止使用光學儀器以及濾光鏡。 <br /><br />6. The film must not contain superficial action. (Murders, weapons, etc. must not occur.) </i><br />
<i>影片不得出現虛假表面或膚淺的動作,不得出現謀殺、武器等等。<br /><br />7. Temporal and geographical alienation are forbidden. (That is to say that the film takes place here and now.) </i><br />
<i>電影必須發生在此時此地,不得拍攝其他時空。<br /><br />8. Genre movies are not acceptable. </i><br />
<i>不接受類型電影。<br /><br />9. The film format must be Academy 35 mm. </i><br />
<i>電影成品格式必須是標準比例的三十五厘米拷貝。 <br /><br />10. The director must not be credited. </i><br />
<i>電影導演的名字不能在演員及工作人員名單中出現。</i><br />
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任何想要加入成為 Dogme 95格式的電影只要經過 von Trier、Vinterberg、Kragh-Jacobsen及 Levring的審核,付合以上十項條件。就會獲頒受一張 Dogme 95格式電影證書,上面會有四位導演共同簽署,證書會於該電影開始時打出,並被認受為 Dogme 95電影。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgggVr3x8PX-PY9N-jgYQHfuR6gblovr6BB9ZOWEwOr3U4aEd0IeSwmJ_LO1g2D5yAPWmpqihvPX5ZJb6YL9RHqy8GXzHmfXeObnzFmb7ysNTXNV5HIlPuM6lvLW-2bcXTwy78QI9GoH8k/s1600/p1527304533.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="236" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgggVr3x8PX-PY9N-jgYQHfuR6gblovr6BB9ZOWEwOr3U4aEd0IeSwmJ_LO1g2D5yAPWmpqihvPX5ZJb6YL9RHqy8GXzHmfXeObnzFmb7ysNTXNV5HIlPuM6lvLW-2bcXTwy78QI9GoH8k/s400/p1527304533.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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首部 Dogme 95電影,由 Vinterberg於1998年執導的《家變》(Festen),故事講述丹麥地方富豪舉辦自己六十歲大壽的周末家庭聚會,但主人家與子女及賓客於席間卻醞釀一場風暴爆發。此片於國際舞台上大放異彩,勇奪康城影展的評審特別大獎及榮獲金棕櫚大獎提名,並得到各大頒獎典禮最佳外語片提名。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDyS_fMN9GWl8RxyMFGckdxsdXsRBSteB_B8v3lr7pMFcKXnK4cLua2rwokpZWIpyKZkkadxi-IfBnreo-3W6h5zM76qyDmeG_c5wB50TpFj37_UUZSeO3RN20e2KF_gBCSIA7LkS1vkY/s1600/p1711012673.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDyS_fMN9GWl8RxyMFGckdxsdXsRBSteB_B8v3lr7pMFcKXnK4cLua2rwokpZWIpyKZkkadxi-IfBnreo-3W6h5zM76qyDmeG_c5wB50TpFj37_UUZSeO3RN20e2KF_gBCSIA7LkS1vkY/s400/p1711012673.jpg" width="287" /></a></div>
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von Trier 亦於同年推出了第二部 Dogme 95電影《越笨越開心》(Idioterne),此片除了完全摒棄了常規電影的鏡頭考究,更有大量性器官暴露鏡頭。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDyS_fMN9GWl8RxyMFGckdxsdXsRBSteB_B8v3lr7pMFcKXnK4cLua2rwokpZWIpyKZkkadxi-IfBnreo-3W6h5zM76qyDmeG_c5wB50TpFj37_UUZSeO3RN20e2KF_gBCSIA7LkS1vkY/s1600/p1711012673.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPonLiL8Qlgksx4NjSGPINoc_vom5tk-ldE3WMEtWTKxYSDMsOAR4yveYVtyWkSy0oyfYQzI7GGBcoT7c0e130Lcv-XXhpMNqPLCbv865DGN_3FLemBMo84r4CQ5xpD73qJYs91GTGXlE/s1600/p1481131928.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPonLiL8Qlgksx4NjSGPINoc_vom5tk-ldE3WMEtWTKxYSDMsOAR4yveYVtyWkSy0oyfYQzI7GGBcoT7c0e130Lcv-XXhpMNqPLCbv865DGN_3FLemBMo84r4CQ5xpD73qJYs91GTGXlE/s400/p1481131928.jpg" width="266" /></a></div>
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von Trier 執導的Breaking the Waves 在 Dogme
95格式的意義上也是一場極佳的體現。故事講述女子 Bess為拯救她那因在鑽油台發生意外以致全身癱瘓的老公 Jan,不惜與其他男人鬼混,再告知老公以激發他的意志,結果 Jan的病情真的好轉,但 Bess卻要面臨一場道德審判。<span class="pl"></span>此片手提攝影、無技巧剪接,卻以人物角色的情感轉變作劇情推進的引擎。此片大量的特寫鏡頭都把焦點放在了角色的臉上,
影片中最震撼人心的戲劇衝突場面都可以歸功於鏡頭的功勞。女主角 Emily Watson首次演出更獲得了當年奧斯卡最佳女主角提名。 可惜此片於1996年即「純潔宣言」發表前已經推出,故沒有被納入 Dogme 95電影的範疇。<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj_Hq8HdHNxx-1MxGGQjzfwBOh1oZAA9k3oInuGj1fsdx7xZIiaQ1WvuiWxFo3l4jd-cjLPrUpadPIREDsNoqYwHucmwMoFYRfZP9kJ3hHt726uPqaesWNxKVn-DdZ15bbhf1PMnwMA4M/s1600/p762255942.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj_Hq8HdHNxx-1MxGGQjzfwBOh1oZAA9k3oInuGj1fsdx7xZIiaQ1WvuiWxFo3l4jd-cjLPrUpadPIREDsNoqYwHucmwMoFYRfZP9kJ3hHt726uPqaesWNxKVn-DdZ15bbhf1PMnwMA4M/s400/p762255942.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
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但從第一部 Dogme 95影片開始,有的規則就已經被打破了。例如在 Idioterne中出現了配樂;Vinterberg也承認拍攝 Festen 的一個場景時刻意掩蓋了一扇窗戶,並且用了並非在拍攝現場找到的道具和打燈。這就要看電影導演如何解釋這些規則去自圓其說。也許是因為有這種「走盞」的缺憾出現,以及「純潔宣言」的苛刻,這場電影運動其實不算太成功。但自1998年起至今,已經有超過二百部電影獲得了 Dogme 95證書。<br />
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HinNie<br />
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參考資料︰<br />
<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogme_95">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dogme_95</a><br />
<a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20080430104505/http://www.dogme95.dk/dogme-films/filmlist.asp">http://web.archive.org/web/20080430104505/http://www.dogme95.dk/dogme-films/filmlist.asp</a><br />
<a href="http://movie.douban.com/review/1342454/">http://movie.douban.com/review/1342454/</a><br />
<a href="http://weitzern.pixnet.net/blog/post/7269095-%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E6%98%AFdogme95%EF%BC%9F">http://weitzern.pixnet.net/blog/post/7269095-%E4%BB%80%E9%BA%BC%E6%98%AFdogme95%EF%BC%9F</a> Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11306163615470682643noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-35637838384879653532013-03-20T12:03:00.000+08:002013-03-20T19:25:23.072+08:00Leviathan海中獸 / 2012 / 法國 英國 美國 / 導演:L‧泰來Lucien Castaing Taylor、V‧柏麗芙Verena Paravel<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">人與大自然的關係,在人類歷史上一直變化,從遠古時期對大自然的敬畏,相信萬物有靈,到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">16</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀英國哲學家培根認為人的智慧能征服自然,</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">21</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀流行人與大自然和諧共處的觀點,可看出人對大自然的思考連綿不斷。《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,則嘗試以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">17</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀霍布斯的唯物主義哲學闡述</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">21</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀人與大自然的關係。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的結構大致如下:描繪一天漁民捕魚的情況。它的鏡頭,刻意特寫死去的魚類,紀錄了人類捕魚的殘酷方式,支離破碎的魚逼近大銀幕,嘔心是觀眾唯一的選擇。影片的鏡頭經常鑽進水底,甚至隨著漁網的起伏搖晃;它運用了電影院封閉的環境,凝造了侷促的感覺,觀眾彷彿能感受到水壓的威力,並在搖晃的鏡頭下腦袋天旋地轉,想觀眾從魚的角度審視這場災難。色彩上,黑色和紅色為主調,綠色為副,導演刻意的鮮色凝造了強烈不安的效果,而黑紅色亦為影片模擬了地獄的境況。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOYnkO0akXPKt7HEYZ5sC2hCjd873MCvcF4_oCTHEesCrKLhgz4P1rJvhTTH6L376nouZf-uspowR4vgFiicMmHwdV80Y6WJ-KYAhAvK5oMJOG-MtX_5bUwR5uDWV3jiVOdop1b0udiUc/s1600/leviathan-2012.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOYnkO0akXPKt7HEYZ5sC2hCjd873MCvcF4_oCTHEesCrKLhgz4P1rJvhTTH6L376nouZf-uspowR4vgFiicMmHwdV80Y6WJ-KYAhAvK5oMJOG-MtX_5bUwR5uDWV3jiVOdop1b0udiUc/s1600/leviathan-2012.jpg" height="400" width="307" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">人作為大自然中最有智慧的生物,在影片當起漁夫,手起,刀落;他們以魚鈎釣起魚,取去實用的部分,把剩餘物踢進海,表達毫無感情方面淋漓盡致。生產線式作業麻木了他們對血惺的反感,他們含著煙,談笑風生,間中說幾句粗言穢語,一切盡皆自然。結尾導演用一幕長鏡頭,描繪漁夫一天的工作完成後,一邊看電視一邊昏昏入睡,訴說了生活的沉悶──工作,疲憊,睡覺的無限輪迴,生命循環就建立在如此的細節上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">片中,觀眾亦看到在天上飛的鳥,鳥作為魚的捕食者,食物鏈的上一層,高高在上觀看了人類的獵殺過程,也虎視眈眈的等待機會分一杯羹。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">解讀影片前,有兩段背景資料雖然詳細闡明,一是聖經中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的形象,二是霍布斯的唯物主義哲學。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">聖經中的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">形象出現在約伯記</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Job</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,電影的片頭亦有引用約伯記的章節</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,其中最重要的是第四十一章第六到十四節:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 10pt;">「塔夥的漁夫,豈可拿他當貨物麼,能把他分給商人麼,你能用倒釣鎗扎滿他的皮,能用魚叉叉滿他的頭麼?你按手在他身上,想與他爭戰,就不再這樣行罷。人指望捉拿他,是徒然的。一見他,豈不喪膽麼。沒有那麼兇猛的人敢惹他。這樣,誰能在我面前站立得住呢。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他,指的是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,形象接近惡魔,賦予了大自然殘忍的輪廓。在影片裏,人食魚,是人的生存方式之一;鳥食魚,是動物的本能;魚被食,是食物鏈的一部份,如此的論述下暴露了大自然血肉模糊的一切,如果生活是一齣電影,殘忍就是它的製造過程,血惺就是它的演員。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">英國哲學家托馬斯‧霍布斯</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Thomas Hobboes(1588-1679)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,繼承了培根</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Francis Bacon(1561-1626)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">的唯物主義哲學</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">他是培根的秘書</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">,發表了機械唯物主義哲學。機械唯物主義哲學以物理學的觀點解釋自然,認為自然是一部機器,世界和人體的一切都是機械作用、因果關係。從這角度來看,人的一切行為都是自私自利。他在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1651</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年出書《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,全書名為《利維坦,或教會公民國家的內容、形式和權力》,書裏以</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">象徵國家,而國家的本質,</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">是一大群人相互訂立信約,認為這種方式能得到最大利益。主權者的權力是至高無上,他的各項權力是不可分割的,如果分割國家就會陷入衝突、戰亂的無政府狀態。把國家對比自然,兩者類似,因政府是殘忍的,和諧是從殘忍而來,故此霍布斯主張君主專制,就像自然獨裁萬物般,在萬物與自然搏奕的過程中,生命得以傳承。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">機械唯物主義哲學是為萌芽的資本主義服務,它代表了新興的資產階級利益,並反對中世紀神學和經院哲學。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1609</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,荷蘭尼德蘭革命是歷史上第一次成功的資產階級革命,荷蘭成為了當時歐洲最強大的海上國家和殖民國家。霍布斯雖認為人的行為是自私自利,它是資本主義的本質,但同時人在自我保存和自利的互相制衡下,最終會得到利人才能得到最大利益的觀點。換句話說,霍布斯的論點是:人是自私自利和殘忍,但如明白利人才能得到最大利益的道理,人的自私自利將會轉變為為人著想的道德觀。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVuE1ZTDteMz31ex7LBw5hRi1bgfF_4VxFnUiO6rZ6QcD-6lQ9b1nh_yU1ihoMaNpiSwSTRlBH9j9y5bekk-nciI5mnL6A6tYRjRByyFc04uS58sQBPib9wBzdBP0H8mYR3XCGFq-198/s1600/Leviathan_gr.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVuE1ZTDteMz31ex7LBw5hRi1bgfF_4VxFnUiO6rZ6QcD-6lQ9b1nh_yU1ihoMaNpiSwSTRlBH9j9y5bekk-nciI5mnL6A6tYRjRByyFc04uS58sQBPib9wBzdBP0H8mYR3XCGFq-198/s1600/Leviathan_gr.jpg" height="320" width="208" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">說到這裏,解釋了為何影片《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Leviathan</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》刻意描繪了物競天食的殘忍,因為這就是生命的本質,叫你嘔心,叫你暈眩,但它同時告訴你倘若生命缺少了這部分,一切美好的事都會消失。大自然是在如此矛盾的運作下賜予人類生命,人與大自然的競爭是「不可避免的惡魔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(A necessary evil)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」,它暴露了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">21</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">世紀環保概念裏自私自利的特質,死到臨頭跪地求饒的本質,但它沒有反對環保,因為它認為這就是物種生存的方式,物種延續後代的機械作用。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-75126528463701309432013-03-19T14:11:00.002+08:002013-03-19T14:13:45.916+08:00The Exorcist 驅魔人 / 1973 / 美國 / 導演:威廉費特堅 William Friedkin<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<span style="font-size: small;">1973</span>年的《驅魔人》改編自 1949年一位驅魔神父Roland Doe 於美國馬里蘭洲一宗真人真事,只是主角從男孩變成女孩。故事講述 Ellen Burstyn飾演的女演員 Chris與女兒 Regan生活於愁雲慘霧的華盛頓。但最近家中先是出現閣樓上的奇怪撞擊聲音,當 Regan在母親面前玩過現今年輕人很流行的「碟仙」之後,發生在 Regan身上的各種奇怪事件接踵而至︰在宴會賓客面前說出︰「你們全都要死。」之後失禁,之後 Regan的睡床一天突然猛烈搖晃,繼而 Regan性情大變。Chris處處苦尋各種現代醫學治療不果,終於決定尋求宗教驅魔儀式的治療。<br />
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年輕神父 Damian經歷喪母之痛後,對信仰產生了極大疑惑和動搖。認為自己盡心盡力事奉他相信是全能的上帝,上帝卻沒有好好保佑他的母親,甚至在同事面前說道︰「我想我失去信仰了。」並萌生退出教會還俗之意。這時 Chris前來尋求協助,適時附於 Regan的魔鬼將 Chris的男朋友殘殺,引起警方注意,令 Damian無法不接受 Chris的求助。Damian利用各種方法試探魔鬼,最後發現魔鬼想要找它的老朋友 -- Max von Sydow飾演的 Merrin神父。<br />
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電影開場的一場伊朗挖掘的戲份,Merrin神父在塵土中發現的一石像,是為巴比倫尼亞神話中風之魔王帕祖祖 (Pazuzu)。帕祖祖擁有獅子的頭和手爪,老鷹的腳,背上有兩雙翅膀,及蠍子的尾巴,並有著蛇狀的陰莖。它同時會帶來風與飢荒,所以被阿卡德人敬畏著。雖然是魔王,人們卻用其彫像來當作護身
符,理由是祂可以驅逐其他的惡魔,並且保護人類免受瘟疫與不幸的侵擾。也被認為是蝗災的具現化神格。最後在
Regan身上進行的驅魔儀式,帕祖祖終於現出真身。在一個寒冷的冬夜裡,一場人魔大戰一觸即發。<br />
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當年《驅魔人》的出現震驚全球,亦成為了現代恐怖片的先鋒。以現代人看主流恐怖片的標準回看此片當然會覺得粗糙,但相比近年有極強濫拍味的恐怖及驅魔題材,高下立見。電影在氣氛營造力方面顯出很強的水準,故事設定於陰霾密佈的冬天,在晚間場景特別的燈光效果之下,人們呼吸吐出的冷空氣,令電影添上一份特別的懸疑、詭異之感。電影並非以惡魔猙獰一面帶出恐怖為主要,而是人們內心的恐懼令惡魔強大。Damian因為信仰的動搖令魔鬼每每有機可乘去迷惑他的心智。<br />
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筆者小時也跟母親去過下教堂,讀過下聖經,聖經描述魔鬼是上帝的敵人,它是天生的謊言家、邪惡的化身,它能攝人心智,掠奪他人的靈魂。魔鬼附上代表童貞的小女孩 Regan後操縱她的身體對她作出各種摧殘的行徑︰ 在眾人面前失禁、露出私處,用十字架猛刺自己的下體,這對於信奉基督教的國民而言絕對是奇恥大辱。Damian試探魔鬼的過程中,它假裝害怕聖水,但其實那只是 Damian事前無經過祝聖的普通開水;它假扮自己懂得說古文,講出一大串沒人聽得明的文字,但當 Damian回放錄音帶時,倒過來播放聽到的竟然是不折不扣的純正英文︰魔鬼在「欽點」Merrin神父到來;在最後的驅魔大戰中,魔鬼假裝被擊倒後奄奄一息,在 Merrin和 Damian以為一大串聖經經文足以打倒魔鬼就鬆懈的時候,突然反擊殺死 Merrin。本來對信仰已經失去信心的 Damian,在儀式起始時與 Merrin誦讀經文「The Power of God will CONFESS YOU!」更似在為自己面對恐懼的壯膽,當他看見魔鬼殺死 Merrin,瞬間他的信仰完全崩塌,盛怒的他抓住 Regan將魔鬼吸到自己身上,趁他還有一絲未被魔鬼完全侵佔的意識,跳出窗戶摔在樓梯滾下,與魔鬼同歸於盡。看到結局才發現電影一直有雙重諷刺意味,電影前半段將西方醫學嘲諷得一無是處,最後將魔鬼驅走的也不是宗教的力量。電影中更出現教堂裡的木無表情的聖母像被虐玩,滿身是血的畫面。說到底,人心對信仰的崩裂就是恐懼的泉源。<br />
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電影當年的出現成為票房大熱,更獲得奧斯卡兩項大獎 (最佳改編電影劇本及最佳音響效果) 及多項提名 (最佳電影、最佳導演、最佳女主角、最佳女配角、最佳男配角、最佳美術指導、最佳攝影、最佳剪接)。尤其對當時民風尚未有如現今般開放的美國社會帶來很大的衝擊,而且當年正值越戰期間,各種新式思潮湧入民間,加上人民對政府的不滿,對社會現狀的疑惑,《驅魔人》的出現正是代表了人們對嶄新思潮的好奇和嚮往。也不能不提電影中兩幕經典場面︰Regan的頭顱 360度旋轉及蜘蛛式跑落樓梯也是為人津津樂道 (據聞做出頭顱旋轉效果的機械人現於電影博物館內展出)。可惜後來添食不斷出續集,1977年的Exorcist II: The Heretic、1990年的 The Exorcist III、2004年的 Exorcist : The Beginning和 2005年的Dominion: Prequel to the Exorcist,無論票房和電影本身的質素也是差得離譜,可以直接無視。 <br />
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HinNieAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11306163615470682643noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-22293016601625351972013-03-17T21:50:00.002+08:002013-03-18T01:29:27.601+08:00Killing them softly溫柔的殺戮 / 2012 / 美國 / 導演:安德魯多明尼Andrew Dominik<span style="font-family: 新細明體;"></span><br />
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2008</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年金融海嘯起因於美國次級房貸危機,《溫柔的殺戮》的背景設定在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2008</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">總統大選,民主黨的奧巴馬大戰共和黨的約翰麥凱恩,兩者都在選戰上強調挽救經濟的方案,不過,次級房貸危機</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Subprime Loan)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">可以說是美國政府一手搞出來的。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">2012</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,正值總統大選時機,很多人對奧巴馬過去四年的政績不滿意,《溫柔的殺戮》就是這背景下的作品。這電影對美國來說非常有骨,如畫面一開始是狹窄的道路,四周都是飄散的廢紙,都是在給美國政府一個市民對四年間美國政府政策的評價。以狹窄的道路作電影開頭,有不少電影都運用過,通常都暗示了主人翁對前景的不安。這段畫面的聲軌是美國總統的講話和群眾的歡呼聲,這樣的襯托,暗諷了美國的政策是如此廢物,在金融海嘯下,美國變成了一個廢城。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgY7lgsKhltgZzFnv6T-UvOPzvC_wmnU3iJtVVx3p3re2ITvpZWw5Fd8gFizdCcrNntX7vChGJoevhDaN4I4z3LGAI8DhN4vErmoxKQB8Cx3-X_Qnuts1vvdM32rCh2yTk_CK2S_N5zXaA/s1600/killing-them-softly-poster.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgY7lgsKhltgZzFnv6T-UvOPzvC_wmnU3iJtVVx3p3re2ITvpZWw5Fd8gFizdCcrNntX7vChGJoevhDaN4I4z3LGAI8DhN4vErmoxKQB8Cx3-X_Qnuts1vvdM32rCh2yTk_CK2S_N5zXaA/s1600/killing-them-softly-poster.jpg" height="640" width="432" /></a><span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">開頭總統的講話是這樣的:「我呼籲美國人民,這是我們關鍵的一刻創造全民的未來,推動我們向前。<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」</span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">導演在片頭以彈跳的片段象徵社會的不穩,並把影片的名字「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Kiling them softly</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」穿插在剛才總統的說話中。因此,以上的講話可以解讀為:「我呼籲美國人民,這是我們關鍵的一刻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Killing them softly</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">故事關於一個黑吃黑的故事。馬基曾經做了一場打劫戲碼搶了地下賭場的錢,成功之後馬基接管了賭場。大佬強尼知道這件事,決定派兩個小嘍囉法蘭克和羅素再次打劫地下賭場,並認為賭場的人會認定是馬基做的,不會懷疑自己。後來畢彼特發現是法蘭克和羅素做的,開始追殺他們和強尼。影片的故事非常簡單,而簡單的故事設定適合用在為象徵主義服務的影片。「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Killing them softly</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」的定義出現在畢彼特的一段對白裏:「我不喜歡殺我認識的人,不喜歡他們在求饒。我想</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Killing them softly</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這段對話在諷刺著美國政府對人民的態度,就是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Killing them softly</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">。另一段體現到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Killing them softly</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">精神的,就是畢彼特殺死馬基的場景,子彈以慢動作在雨中擊中馬基頭部,馬基的車子向前駛撞向另一輪車。這個場面的處理企圖浪漫化畫面,是影片裏最值得觀看的橋段。這樣的處理有點像杜琪峰的手法,但在音樂托襯下美國風味較重。影片的氣氛活像三十年代美國黑手黨男人的浪漫,暗示了懷舊是美國市民現在唯一能做的事。因此,影片其實沒有太多希望,更多的是絕望,也說出了美國人的心聲:美國夢碎了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">影片的人物設定刻意呈現了經濟蕭條下人物的心境,故事的人物非常寒酸,一副生意失敗的樣子:殺手不像殺手,婚姻失敗,只沉淪在酒精和女人;黑社會頭子從監獄出來沒有錢;法蘭克和羅素打劫都像個門外漢,被人說穿工作服像小鬼,每天都吸毒麻醉自己,整個社會就是一團糟。他們不時諷刺政府,暗示了要在美國生活你只能當一個無賴。這些都是反殺手類型的設定,也是此影片非常值得留意的地方。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">故事最重要的一段是法蘭克和羅素打劫地下賭場。在打劫的時候,電視播放著布殊的演講畫面,畫面交替被打劫的人從銀包拿錢的無奈表情,暗示了政府的無能。布殊的講話是這樣的:「晚安,現在是美國經濟的非常時期,過去幾周來,許多美國人對於自己的財務和未來感到焦慮。我瞭解他們的擔心和沮喪。我們看到股市三位數的波動,大型財務機構瀕臨瓦解,有些已倒閉,一種不確定感滋長,許多銀行限制借貸,信用市場凍結,家庭和企業發覺更難借款。我們陷入嚴重的財政危機。聯邦政府以決定性行動回應。我們將提升金融市場共同基金的信心</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 細明體; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體;">……</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">我知道今晚許多美國人會有疑問,我們的經濟怎麼會淪落這種地步,我提出的解答怎樣會有效?這對你們的未來財務有何意義。這些是好問題,值得有好答案。首先</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: 細明體; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 細明體;">……</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」說到這裏,羅素關上門,暗示市民不想再聆聽這種官方論述。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">故事就在如此頹廢的境況下進行。從角色的設定到劇情的進程,都可看出導演刻意影射美國的痕跡。由此可以推論,故事從一開始就是為主題服務。問題出於,這電影很多場景的設置都過於刻意,尤其是分別從收音機和電視上聽到和看到的總統論述,與對應的場景有強烈的關係。劇本有大量的對話,對話的內容通常圍繞說話者自述自己如何失敗,或是角色對美國經濟如何失望,暗示在經濟蕭條時,懷愐往事是唯一能做的事。這樣的設定做成影片節奏頗慢。論情節,影片不算複雜,況且影片的長度才</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">97</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">分鐘。雖然劇本沒有用對白拖延時間,但出來的觀感就是沒有高潮起伏。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">就如我剛才所說,影片完全是為象徵主義服務,導致其人性的描寫為零,觀眾無法進入角色,難以產生共鳴。如果要描述金融海嘯的境況,可以試用現實主義的手法,但此影片卻以殺手的倒楣生活、黑吃黑的橋段、廢紙、無人的街道呈現,出來的效果難免不夠到位。即使用象徵主義的手法分析此影片,它的象徵手法也用得不好。它提示太多也太刻意,尤其是片尾畢彼特的對白:「美國不是一個國家,而是一門生意,所以你最好給我他媽的付錢。」就是明顯的解題。影片在這個層面上與觀眾產生隔膜,分數難免下降不少。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">這齣電影很難受到美國觀眾的歡迎,也難以受影迷歡迎。第一,在經濟不好的情況,要觀眾進場讓影片告訴自己現在經濟真的很不好很難;第二,影片對美國的論述都老掉牙了,沒有任何新意;第三,拍攝手法雖然有創新之處,如法蘭克吸海洛英的情節導演就有努力表現迷幻的感覺,但對加強主題上沒有太多幫助,更像是導演的小創意而已。無可否認,此影片的象徵主義是其重點,也是其致命之處。</span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-83441321089456480892013-03-14T00:50:00.002+08:002013-03-14T01:31:17.277+08:00Compliance 快餐店陰質事件 / 2012 / 美國 / 導演:奇勒索寶Craig Zobel<span style="font-family: 新細明體;">
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">「</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Inspired by ture events</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">」,美國電影加上真實事件改編,故事講述一位快餐店女店員被假冒警察的男人控告偷竊,男人要求其他快餐店職員協助搜身,導致性侵犯案的發生。本片的獨特之處,在於假冒的男人如何全程以電話對話控制全快餐店職員,捉緊所有人的心理弱點。快餐店店長要打理快餐店,只想盡快了事;年青人避免扯上麻煩,盡量不介入事件;高級職員明知事件有蹊蹺,但下意識沒有反抗強權,直到街邊一個閒雜人等到來才解決事件。這是反映美國社會問題的驚悚片?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">心理學電影更適合形容《快餐店陰質事件》。它的劇情,荒謬,但真實存在。對於電影劇本對真實事件的改編有幾多,難以證實,但影片中人們在權威之下做出違犯道德的事:裸檢、裸身跳躍、性虐待,觀影過後的人,難免會像電影裏的警官般問:「難道你沒有懷疑嗎?你怎樣這麼愚蠢?」我相信在觀影途中,也會有觀眾心裏問如此問題。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在評論本電影前,我想先引用一些事實:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">從心理學角度來看,權威、奉守與順從是此悲劇的始作俑者。社會學者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ester Reiter</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在《快餐業幕後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Making fast food: From the frying pan into
the fryer)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》一書指出,快餐店密集的生產線導致順從權威是快餐店店員必需的特質。在心理學上這叫做「情景力量」,意為周遭的環境會影響一個人的所思所想。電影中的時間設定在最煩忙的時段,間接幫助了犯罪者實行計劃。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgeI5dM1Ln4bxfbpNvFjCr99BJqjB0okZB0Zq6W3IKPpyW6zbAChCYBYhWN20_tnHaRub_F1-slybHpzcIkDPolwaspEFZSbTVxrs9UyS1UySU2Ja3u8WUdr_bU3GigCr-aZL6UjC6z9s/s1600/Compliance-movie-poster.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgeI5dM1Ln4bxfbpNvFjCr99BJqjB0okZB0Zq6W3IKPpyW6zbAChCYBYhWN20_tnHaRub_F1-slybHpzcIkDPolwaspEFZSbTVxrs9UyS1UySU2Ja3u8WUdr_bU3GigCr-aZL6UjC6z9s/s1600/Compliance-movie-poster.jpeg" height="295" width="400" /></a><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Philip Zimbardo</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">所著《路西法效應──好人是如何變成惡魔的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(The Lucifer Effect-Understanding how good
people turn evil)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》對「情景力量」作出了詳細的解釋。本書作者做了一個名為「斯坦福監獄實驗」的心理學實驗,証明了監獄的環境造就了獄警兇殘的個性。電影中的事件,本書亦論及過,給出了以下資料:同類事件發生在美國</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">32</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">個洲</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">68</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">家快餐館,受害人男女都有,情節之荒謬令人乍舌。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">以下一段為從《路西法效應》裏正接引用的文字:</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 標楷體; font-size: 10pt;">「全美國許多快餐連鎖店都曾經遇過「裸驗的騙局<span lang="EN-US">(Strip search scam)</span>」。這個現象說明,服從於匿名但似乎十分有力的權威人士是多麼普遍的事。犯罪者的慣用伎倆是由一名男性打電話給一家餐館的副經理,他們餐館的雇員中有個小偷,因此需要他緊急配合調查。在對話中,這名男子會堅持被稱為「警官」。犯罪者早已搜集了該餐館作業方式的內部情報和只有工作人員才會知道的細節,知道如何用技巧的引導發問來套取想要的信息……騙子要求副經理,希望在他或他的下屬來接她前,先把這名女雇員單獨關在後面房間。這名女雇員於是被扣留下來,「警察先生」會用電話跟她對話,然後給她幾個選擇,要不就答應馬上由其他員工原地搜身,要不就是被帶到警察局由警察搜身……電話中的人接著會指示餐館副經理對女員工進行裸驗,連肛門和陰道也不放過……接下來的情節變得越來越不堪,原以為男員工只是負責在警察前往餐館的途中把女員工留住,誰知道詐騙者竟叫女學生自慰和幫這名男員工口交。在等待警察前來的過程中,這些性活動持續了數小時之久,而警察最後當然沒來。」<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">由此可見,電影中看似不合理的情節也不盡然不合理,但是,如何表達卻是一個問題。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">導演以冷峻的鏡頭審視快餐店的環境,油膩和骯髒是提示,尤其是口交一幕鏡頭交替食物殘渣,暗示了服從背後的污穢。導演想把此片拍成驚悚片,但此片的驚悚程度頗低。劇情中段假冒警察的男人現身,形象設定像《沉默的羔羊</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(The silence of the lamp)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》的漢尼拔博士冷靜且滿懷詭計,身處毫宅運籌帷幄,但效果差強人意,到後來只像一個普通愛好惡作劇的變態佬,也表現不出他對這種惡趣味的愛好,驚悚程度大減。導演把驚悚的重任放置在這男人身上,可說是失敗。另一邊廂,在快餐店裏性侵犯之前鏡頭都是比較平靜的,直到性侵犯發生,鏡頭忽然凌厲,導演想把氣氛一直凝聚,直到最後爆發,這種處理其實不差,但驚悚效果始終差一點。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">導演意圖從驚悚片的角度拍攝而非寫實主義配心理學,大概是票房考慮,但這不是說導演沒有野心,如影片的第一幕,飄揚的美國國旗在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">TURE EVENTS</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">字樣後飄揚,可看到導演想暗諷美國的快餐店文化,再加上垃圾食物文化</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Fast food)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">產生的肥胖隱喻了文明的肥胖愚鈍,不能不說有發展空間──探討事件背後的起因,可惜在驚悚片的包裝下,只是蜻蜓點水。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在劇情上,電影有兩個做得不太好的地方。第一,假冒警察的詐騙者太早出現。影片的頭半段觀眾只能從電話聽到他的聲音,中段發現原來是個變態的中年男人。他的露面並沒有對影片的劇情起任何作用,如果單純是為驚悚氣氛,不露面會是更好的選擇。也許導演是為了片尾拍攝警察拘捕他的一幕,但這不是必要的,因為電影的重點是男人如何引導快餐店的職員作出非法行為,而不是解構犯罪者。從畫面中我們可得知男人有一定的資產,似乎是成功人士,最後發現是地產經紀,但這一切都離題了。第二,後段的劇情有很多牽強的地方,性侵犯女主角的,是快餐店店主隨便找來的男人,正確點是故事中是快餐店店主的情人,但在故事中,假冒警察的男人一直對快餐店的職員洗腦,反而做出侵犯行為的是一個剛進來的男人,這說不通。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">評論這電影的劇情有個很大的問題,就是評論者會以為自己身處在那個處景,不會做相同的事,即使那是如此荒謬愚蠢,所以對劇情中的某程度的硬傷,如假冒的警察明顯不合常理的辦案手法,反而成為爭論點。演員方面,快餐店店主</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Ann Dowd</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">演得不俗,表現得出懷疑與相信之間的掙扎,但最後仍然依照犯罪者的路走的悲劇。整體而言,此電影還是值得一看。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">儘管驚悚效果不足,此片的話題性仍然很強,並傳達了心理學上一個重要訊息。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">1963</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">年,社會哲學家漢娜阿倫特</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(Hannah Arendt)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">在《艾希曼受審於耶路撒冷:關於邪惡的平庸性的一份報告》得出的報告指,那些與大多數人沒有甚麼分別的人,更容易做出極端邪惡的行為。這正是「邪惡的平庸性」。電影中的角色每個人都如此平庸,或許他們心裏只想做好一份工,只想按指令辦事,沒有想太多。但純粹依靠話題撐起電影就不是導演的功力範圍了。我認為片尾訪問快餐店店長為何服從電話裏的人的命令才是本片的點睛部份,快餐店店主的自辯恰到好處把平凡人的弱點表露無遺,遺憾的是太短了。我強烈建議看過本片的人閱讀《路西法效應──好人是如何變成惡魔的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;">(The Lucifer Effect-Understanding how good
people turn evil)</span></span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">》,或計你會對本片有更多的認識。</span><br />
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Lorraine<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11556106222359216173noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5576197680872632361.post-82427731050019539272013-03-12T10:28:00.000+08:002013-03-12T12:35:50.271+08:00Insignificance 毫無意義 / 1985 / 英國 / 導演:尼古拉斯羅格Nicolas Roeg<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> 盛世是怎樣煉成的?一個國家的繁榮如何變成神話?需要甚麼條件?這齣電影為你解構美國的神話,同時暴露盛世對人的侵蝕以及繁華對人的存在感的挑戰。時值</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1985</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年,導演把鏡頭對焦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1955</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年的美國。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1955</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">年的美國有四個重要的,代表繁榮的指標,分別是瑪麗蓮夢露、麥卡錫、愛因斯坦、喬狄馬喬。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">瑪麗蓮夢露</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;">(</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">marylin
morone</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,一代性感女神,從第一齣電影《慧星美人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(All
about eve)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》,到《熱情如火</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Some like it
hot)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》,迷到了整個西方社會。六十年代,波普藝術</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(POP
ART)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">興起,即使不懂藝術的人也認得瑪麗蓮夢露在波普藝術的貢獻</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">──</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">一幅不同顏色的夢露頭像,暗示她被消費的價值。她,是流行的指標,也是性愛的指標。當時男權社會當道,女權運動仍在萌芽階段,瑪麗蓮夢露象徵性愛的極致。美國擁有了核武,同時亦擁有女人,是美還是縱慾,留待歷史研究,但當時誰不想擁她在懷。成功的美國,在她的胸部和白裙間天天意淫,不可不說是繁榮的後遺症。但說到核武,就是愛恩斯坦的問題了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizd7zIddhI-AYw4yaJ7mL7KBIpgMP6jh5Dk5WfCoixsQBUdGvavWjWgsdynYm2IkRyq-AqrJWiZNm0IjS_a8gMplD1aexXojeCFkXbnWyFnihBJpOh7MMcMkIlbYMV8qjo5x6y3ZeEMP8/s1600/insignificance-1985-poster-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizd7zIddhI-AYw4yaJ7mL7KBIpgMP6jh5Dk5WfCoixsQBUdGvavWjWgsdynYm2IkRyq-AqrJWiZNm0IjS_a8gMplD1aexXojeCFkXbnWyFnihBJpOh7MMcMkIlbYMV8qjo5x6y3ZeEMP8/s640/insignificance-1985-poster-2.jpg" height="640" width="424" /></a><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">二戰結束前夕,愛恩斯坦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Albert
Einstein)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">製造了原子彈,長崎廣島一瞬間化灰,愛恩斯坦用了一生人後悔,提倡反核武。命運就是這樣,試想倘若成功製造原子彈的是德國,化灰的將會是愛恩斯坦。他,智力</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">200</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的爆炸頭,傳聞非常喜歡瑪麗蓮夢露,証實了多聰明的男人都是鹹濕。一道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">E=MC2</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的公式,開啟了冷戰耐人尋味的故事。美國逐成世界一哥,不得不在愛恩斯坦腳前跪地拜謝。愛恩斯坦的貢獻,還有改變物理學的相對論,幾乎是無數科幻電影的創世因子。愛恩斯坦死幾個細胞便</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">KO</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">德國,再死幾個細胞</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">KO</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">舊物理學,難怪美國不沾沾自喜。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">但深想一層,科技久缺政治孤掌難鳴。麥卡錫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Joseph
McCarthy)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">,著名反共產主義提倡者、白色恐怖製造者、資本主義的偉大推手,論獨裁,實與史太林不相伯仲,但史太林不相信自由經濟,輸了。從歷史角度來看,麥卡錫對資本主義的貢獻良多,造就了偉大卻負名遠播、大到不能倒的華爾街。美國的哲學向來以實用主義見稱,這當然不是說所有美國哲學家都是實用主義者,但威廉詹姆士的一句:「哲學只不過是應用最有理解力的可能方法來思考事物的學科。」就暗示了資本社會的來臨。偉大的美金萬歲、偉大的資本主義萬歲,理性是美國的靈魂,它創造了國家,同時亦創造了邪惡的律師。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">最後,喬狄馬喬</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-fareast-language: ZH-HK;">
Joe DiMaggio</span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">對非美國人來說比較陌生,他是紐約棒球揚基隊的明星中外野手,被譽為完美球員,是美國健康和運動上偉大的勝利。不過老實上對東方人來說棒球真的不太流行,把喬狄馬喬當成健康的指標,是自我感覺良好而已。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">上述四人,組成了影片裏美國進入巔峰狀態的象徵,而導演為影片取了《毫無意義</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(Insignificance)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》的名字。存在主義的口吻為本電影來了一記響頭炮。要觀賞這齣電影,首先要帶著沙特式存在主義的信念:「這個世界是荒謬的,所以我們要用荒謬對待這個世界。」要評論這齣電影的荒謬,可以說是無厘頭、天馬行空。即使如此,此電影也沒無厘頭到無法了解劇情的地步。故事講述夢露拍攝《七年之癢》白裙飛起的一幕,愛恩斯坦為數學公式苦惱中。為了躲避影迷,夢露躲在愛恩斯坦的房間裏,彼此討論相對論,談得不亦樂乎,也許是兩人都厭倦名聲,他們出奇地投契。另一方面,麥卡錫要愛恩斯坦指責共產主義者,但愛恩斯坦只想參加和平會議。夢露的老公喬狄馬喬看見老婆夢露拍攝《七年之癢》,醋勁大發,找上愛恩斯坦,為挽求他們之間的戀情。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">這電影的特別之處,是主線之間穿插的影象,有鐘錶、畢加索的畫《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Woman
with child on the seashore</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》、長崎廣島原子彈爆炸後的死者,四人小時侯的畫面,選美畫面。其中鐘錶和《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Woman
with child on the seashore</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》為其最重要的象徵。故事的主角以夢露和愛恩斯坦作主線,夢露對的士司機說:「她的角色只是為男性意淫的產物。」房間外的霓虹燈叫人寂寞,望著星星讓人覺得很渺小。她的子宮有問題,一直生不了小孩,老公喬狄馬喬形容她表面很繁華,內在卻一團糟。她壓倦繁華,反倒喜歡平實、不愛出風頭的愛恩斯坦。她對愛恩斯坦說:「我只想在這裏渡過我一生的最後</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">4</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">小時,讓我的裙子飛過耳際。他們在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">53</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">層下面裝上電風扇,一直嘶嘶地叫著,整個晚上都是。你曾經感覺到它比你思考得還慢嗎?」它,代表時間。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">時間是從甚麼事後停頓的?是從失去意義開始。愛恩斯坦渴望釣魚,但被法西斯黨員破壞夢想,二戰的勝利為美國帶來了勝利和繁華,除此之外甚麼也沒有;他創造了原子彈,蘑菇雲昇起而希望殞落,因生命再沒有意義。他感嘆,繁華的世界甚麼也抓不住,人們不再思考。他與夢露討論相對論,並對她說:「你學習了但沒有理解。」然後畫面接著轉到夢露手上的《卡拉馬左夫兄弟們》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">(</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">俄國作家杜斯妥也夫斯基的存在主義名作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">)</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。夢露對世界的看法是:「就像在地鐵裏讀書一樣,我知道在哪兒該上車,哪兒該下車,當車子行駛的時候我就不知道我在哪兒了。我明白結果和假設,我猜這才是最主要吧。」愛恩斯坦回應:「一點都不重要,這只是無知的協議,你同意我,我同意別的甚麼人。大家都有知識,我們都還沒發現月球的本質。一味贊同,你永遠都理解不了任何東西,如果單單只下定義。只有驗證那些可能性,那才是所謂的思考。」</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 20pt; text-justify: inter-ideograph;">
<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">因為不再思考,所以甚麼都沒有意義。愛因斯坦的相對論強調了不同人有不同觀點,甚麼都是相對的,時間也是相對的。康德曾說過時間是認識的方法,失去時間人們就再也沒法認識世界。夢露小時候得到的一隻手錶,被童年的玩伴搶走,扔到了溝渠,導致長大後總說:「不要告訴我時間,我不想知道。」但對鐘錶迷戀。在電影裏,好像誰也抓不住時間。相對論的主角是光和時間,光,象徵原子彈爆炸的一瞬間,而就在那一刻,時間停頓了,甚麼都變得沒有意義,同時亦呼應了影片結尾的一幕──甚麼都化為灰燼。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">另一個象徵是畢加索</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">1921</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">的名畫《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Woman
with child on the seashore</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》,新古典主義作品,以樸素、模仿古羅馬希臘的筆觸反抗巴洛克和洛可可藝術。巴洛克和洛可可都是非常講究的藝術,前者以宏大見稱,後者則以注著細節聞名。但《</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Woman
with child on the seashore</span><span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">》,簡單得很,諷刺了外邊複雜的世界和數學公式。此畫亦暗示了夢露希望懷孕的心願,但事與願違。片尾,此畫和夢露一起在原子彈的爆炸中燃燒,叫人唏噓。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">麥卡錫和喬狄馬喬的角色主要襯托夢露和愛恩斯坦,麥卡錫甫開場便開墨索里尼和拿破崙玩笑,嘲笑愛恩斯坦,形容他為「滿身泥巴的明星」。他說整個二戰就是蘇聯的陰謀。他也是個鹹濕的老頭,但是個性無能。喬狄馬喬是個醋罈子,除此之外甚麼都不是。兩者都是在諷刺美國的內在是如此的無意義。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "新細明體","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: 新細明體; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">此片的敍述頗為大膽,玩弄真實歷史和幻想之間,穿插蒙太奇畫面,片尾的原子彈爆炸足以讓以此片成為傳世經典。電影主題曲是一首冷爵士樂,很合我的口味。「高處不勝寒」是對此片的最佳論述,而人無法反抗命運。其中一幕,愛恩斯坦走到電梯裏,服務員跟他說:「即使你不想成名也沒有辨法,你腦子裏所想的事一定會使你成名。」電影的潛台詞是:美國的興起是命中注定,而不是因為某某人的存在,毫無意義也是命中注定。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Lorraine<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02793599947689373391noreply@blogger.com0